Table of Content

15 September 2019, Volume 36 Issue 5

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On Social Identity of Judicial Justice

2019, 36(5):  1-14. 

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(School of Law, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China)Abstract： As an essential attribute of judicature, justice cannot exist in isolation from the judicial process in which all parties participate. Social identity, as a cognitive mode among interactive subjects, realizes intersubject communication and meaning construction. Therefore, judicial justice must be established through social identity. In the judicial practice, the constantly developing referents generated within the judicial system are different from those in the haphazard evaluation of judicial activities by other nonjudicial social systems, so the mutual alienation must be eliminated. This paper studies the foundation of building social identity of judicial justice under the contemporary social conditions in China together with some issues concerning the construction of relevant mechanisms to judicial system.



Several Climaxes of Film Script Creation in New China over the Past #br# 70 Years and Some Existing Problems

2019, 36(5):  15-26. 

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(Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China)Abstract： A review of the development of film creation and production since the founding of new China will reveal that the importance attached to film script creation and its roles played in film shooting have varied according to different historical periods. Over the past 70 years, there have been several climaxes of film script writing in China, and some successful experiences have been accumulated. It undoubtedly has implications for the current film creation to sort out and analyze the several climaxes of new China's film script creation and to explore the reasons behind them and the experience that has been gained. Meanwhile, as for the several existing problems, we should face them and put forward corresponding solutions and strategies so as to make more highquality films, boom the domestic film market and enable China to transfer from a big film country to a strong film power. 



Explorations and Changes of the Creation of Realistic Films over the #br# Past 70 Years since the Founding of New China

2019, 36(5):  27-38. 

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Abstract： Realistic film, one of the major schools of film creation since the founding of new China, has long been favored by Chinese people as a welcome artistic form. Its origin can be traced back to China’s early films in the 1920s and 1930s. Over the past 70 years, the creation of realistic films has experienced vicissitudes and setbacks due to political interference, but its basic aesthetic need has remained constant. Reviewing and analyzing the cinematic changes over the past 70 years, we find that realism has never faded: from the proposal of “socialist realism”, to “two combinations”, then to the thought imprisonment during the Cultural Revolution, thereafter a discussion of “return to realism” in the 1980s, followed by the “main melody” realism and its entanglement with “postexistentialism” in the 1990s, and finally to the breakthroughs out of all kinds of aestheticization after the new century. However, realism is not stagnant. Instead, the creation of realistic films can survive and grow out of films with different themes, styles and production techniques. That is to say, it can be perfected through constant adjustments. Only in this way, can realistic films in China better approach contemporary life and meet contemporary aesthetic needs.



Rural Communitybased Relations of Hu and Han Nationalities in the #br# Sixteen Kingdoms Period#br# ——A Case Study of the Regimes in the North China and Guanzhong Area

2019, 36(5):  39-52. 

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 The relations between the Hu nationalities (ethnic groups in the north and west of China in ancient times) and the Han nationality during the Sixteen Kingdoms Period were based on the concrete life of rural communities. The rulers of Hu nationalities established regimes by relying on fellow villagers or townsmen and then appointed some local fellow townsmen as officials. In addition, they supported exiled fellow clans to set up new prefectures in nonnative regions after the old ones being occupied and enabled fellow clans to grow stronger. Thereafter, they resumed the rural electoral system and strengthened the screening and management of rural talents. All these efforts demonstrated that the rulers of the Sixteen Kingdoms had a deep understanding of and actual control over the rural communities. During this process, they gained support from the local patriarchal clans, and some rulers and their families even grew into big clans in the North China. In short, engagement in the local rural community life by attaching importance to fellow townsmen, rural clans and rural community systems was one of the important channels for rulers of the Sixteen Kingdoms to deepen and enhance their administration and realizing national amalgamation. Recognizing this will help us to further understand the complicated relations between Hu and Han nationalities in the Sixteen Kingdoms Period. 



The Time of the Quotation of Shi in Liezi and Its Implications

2019, 36(5):  53-66. 

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  The word “di” in the line quoted from Shi (The Book of Songs) in Liezi of today’s version, refers to Emperor Yao, different from the “di” as the Emperor of Heaven in Shi. Since the conception of “di” as king or emperor was no earlier than the middle or late Warring States Period, we can make sure that the line was indeed quoted from Shi. Furthermore, as the description of Emperor Yao’s abdicating the throne to Shun is different from the idea of “the Han Dynasty as the posterity of Emperor Yao” and the allusions in Shangshu, we can tell that the quotation time was during the Warring States Period when free thoughts boomed. There had already been different versions of Liezi till Western Han Dynasty. Thereafter, Liu Xiang revised eight pieces. Zhang Zhan finalized Liu’s version further, but still preserved some textual features of its original formation. Judging from the political system recorded in the quotation materials of Shi in Liezi, we infer that the quotation time was between the late years of Mencius and Huo Guang’s autocratic reign in the Western Han Dynasty. The original lines, after experiencing alterations over the time, became what are in today’s version. In Liezi, Shi was referred to as “ancient shi”, as was in accordance with the poetic changes since the Warring States Period and the trend of increasing poetry beyond Shi. The multitudes of changes of “shi” (poetry) in the Warring States Period signified the increased cultural exchanges and integration. This trend was appreciated by the Western Han monarchs, who encouraged the boom of poetry in the hope of constructing a culture of rites and music matching with the great achievements of a great emperor.  




Spillover Effect of Innovation Efficiency of China's Hightech Industry in#br#  the Perspective of Innovation Value 

2019, 36(5):  67-77. 

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Hightech industry innovation in China involves multiinput, multioutput and multilink activities according to the theory of innovation value chain. Innovation activities consist of technology development and technology achievement transformation,judging by the characteristics of the industry. In this study, innovation efficiency of technology development and technology achievement transformation is calculated by using DEA model, the spatial weight matrix of geographic distance is constructed, and the spatial error model is used to analyze the spillover effect.The results show that: innovation activities of hightech industries in China have low efficiency in technology achievement transformation despite high efficiency in technology development.In addition, neither the efficiency of technological development nor the efficiency of transformation of technological achievements is in full agreement with the level of local economic development since the innovation efficiency in some central and western provinces is considerably high. There are significant spatial spillover effects in the efficiency of technological development and technological achievements transformation in all sectors of China's hightech industry while there is no significant value chain spillover effect between technology development efficiency and technology achievement transformation efficiency.



A Study of the Impact of ChinaAustralia FTA and ChinaKorea FTA#br#  on China’s Economy, Trade and Industry

2019, 36(5):  78-92. 

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 ChinaAustralia FTA and ChinaKorea FTA have profound impact on China’s economy, trade and industry. The paper is aimed to analyze their potential impact on the basis of GTAP model while taking into consideration of capital accumulation model and total factor productivity effect. The results reveal that ChinaKorea FTA and ChinaAustralia FTA are expected to increase China’s welfare, GDP and foreign trade; the overall economic effect of the two FTAs’ is more than the sum of the individual’s; ChinaKorea FTA’s potential effect on promoting China’s economy and trade is significantly greater than that of ChinaAustralia FTA; and the expectation of open trade from ChinaAustralia FTA and ChinaKorea FTA will improve China’s technological progress, thus making the greatest contribution to China’s economic welfare. In addition, both the output and the addedvalue of all China’s manufacturing sectors would benefit from the implementation of the two FTAs, while the output of some agriculture sectors is expected to suffer from the negative impact to varying extents.



Pragmatic Translation Studies in China: Retrospective and Reflexive #br# Approaches Explained

2019, 36(5):  93-104. 

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 Pragmatic translation studies (PTS), which is parallel to literary translation in the field of Translation Studies, has to some extent developed in the past decades. However, its development is slow and its status as a whole has remained marginal. Actually, much work has to be done, such as clarification of relevant concepts, systematical construction of its theory. Furthermore, the pragmatic translation in the context of artificial intelligence is in urgent need of theoretical explanation and guide. By the genealogical method and qualitative analysis, this paper has reviewed the past trajectory of PTS in China, which demonstrates a great deal not only about its ambiguities of key concepts, but also about its defects in terms of theoretical approaches. Based on the review, this paper has suggested that, the systematical construction of PTS should consist of at least four aspects: stylistic or typological studies, applied translation studies of translational theories and theories emanated from other disciplines, studies of pragmatic translation issues, and studies of metatheories of PTS. The author of this paper argues that the PTS in China will play an important role in the process of translation studies internalization and globalization.

Nobel Prizes in Natural Science and Scientific Discoveries#br#

2019, 36(5):  105-122. 

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Through a study of the prizewinning scientific discoveries of the Nobel Prizes for Natural Science, we can discuss three basic and interrelated questions. First, were prizewinning achievements of the Nobel Prizes for Natural Science discovered or invented? Based on the broad concept of scientific discovery, the answer is that the essence of a scientific discovery is a complex and creative practice by mankind; regardless of the discoveries of scientific facts or the discoveries of scientific theories, discoveries are in essence discoveries including inventions. Second, what is the “discovery period” of the prizewinning scientific discoveries of the Nobel Prizes for Natural Science? The concept of “discovery period” is put forward and clarified in the paper. The main nature and properties of the “discovery period” are revealed based on statistical analysis, which has proved the “TenYear Rule” in the statistical sense. Third, how are prizewining scientific discoveries of the Nobel Prizes for Natural Science made? Through the case analysis of the specific processes that some noble prize winners carried out, this paper puts forward and explains the logicsuper logic mode of scientific discovery, elucidates respectively the view that a scientific discovery begins with the raising of questions and ends with the solution of questions and the view that many scientific discoveries are the results of accidental opportunities, and finally manifests some traits and virtues that prizewinners of important discoveries have acquired


From Ecological Marxism to Organic Marxism: Track of Development

2019, 36(5):  123-131. 

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Both Organic Marxism and Ecological Marxism regard ecological issues as their major concerns. Ecological Marxism and Organic Marxism occurred one after another, with the later inheriting the former in terms of ideas and contents to some extent. Organic Marxism has learned especially from Foster’s ecological thinking which is organic oriented, but further develops itself on the basis of Ecological Marxism by taking anti-modernity as theoretical pertinence. An exploration of the development track of Organic Marxism from Ecological Marxism will help us better understand the holistic picture of Organic Marxism and appropriately assess its vale and limitations with Marxist stance. 


Deviation and Revitalization of Rural Culture in Midwest China over #br# 40 Years of Reform and OpeningupZ

2019, 36(5):  131-144. 

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Midwest China has scored great achievements over 40 years of reform and openingup. However, rural civilization is still plagued with such problems as fading traditional rural culture and common superstitions to which the disadvantaged groups, such as women and the aged, resort for spiritual support. The increasing superstitious activities in the rural areas of Midwest China indicate certain deviation of socialist rural intellectual and cultural development. Village committees are thought as the most capable and responsible organs within the system in initiating rural cultural activities apart from governments at all levels. However, as village committees focus more of their function of grassroots governance on implementing state instructions, they are left with insufficient energy to meet the cultural needs of the rural citizens in Midwest China. The collective activities of the rural villagers in Midwest China are usually realized through rural traditions which enable villagers to be better involved and engaged in exchanges if more traditions have been inherited or preserved. Otherwise, to meet their needs for social exchanges, villagers may seek other channels among which superstitious activities may become the first choice. The rural revitalization in Midwest China mainly relies on the guidance of mainstream ideology. Only when the mainstream culture is upheld in the right way, can more people be won over. So the battle against superstition lies in the construction of mainstream rural culture and the reconstruction of the carriers for the mainstream culture.