Table of Content

15 September 2026, Volume 43 Issue 5

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The Logic of Legal Governance of Competition in the Open Sharing of High-Quality Datasets

CHEN Bing

2026, 43(5):  1-13. 

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High-quality datasets serve as the critical foundation for the advancement of artificial intelligence; however, their open sharing faces structural tensions between data holders’monopolistic tendencies and the demand for the flow of data elements. The legal governance of competition must prioritize a dynamic balance between incentivizing data investment and facilitating data circulation, shifting from mere mandatory disclosure to a refined governance paradigm that balances rights protection with equitable access. To achieve this, the fundamental objectives must center on breaking data monopolies, preventing unjustified acquisition, and ensuring fair competition. This requires coordinated efforts across the hierarchical allocation of data property rights, tiered and categorized open access, circulation trading mechanisms, and security governance systems. Additionally, a systematic application of antitrust interventions, behavioral regulations, and supplementary intellectual property protections should be implemented. Together, these measures will establish a high-quality dataset governance system characterized by measured openness, orderly circulation, and robust protection, thereby cementing a solid foundation for AI innovation and equitable industrial development.

The Conceptual Definitions and Distinction Logic of Large AI Models and AI Systems in Legal Texts

ZHAO Jingwu

2026, 43(5):  14-28. 

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Amidst the frequent discussions on artificial intelligence (AI) legislation, fundamental issues such as“what is AI”and the conceptual distinctions among“AI, AI foundation models, and AI systems”are rarely addressed systematically. Although these basic concepts seem to belong to the domain of technical terminology, they are in fact closely linked to how the obligations of legal subjects are formulated. This task is especially urgent given that the State Council’s 2026 Legislative Work Plan has explicitly called for accelerating comprehensive legislation to promote the healthy development of AI. Current approaches to distinguishing key entities, such as technology developers and service providers, are primarily oriented toward defining the scope of liable subjects; consequently, they fail to fully encompass the risk management and control across all business links that modern AI governance practices focus on. Taking targeted risk governance as the conceptual starting point, legislative texts should define two fundamental concepts: AI foundation models and AI systems. An“AI foundation model”should be defined as a computational model featuring massive parameters and complex algorithms, whereas an“AI system”should refer to an information system or application software composed of functional modules such as perception, planning, execution, and feedback optimization, which utilizes AI-related technologies. This conceptual definition and distinction not only reflect the component-to-system relationship between AI foundation models and AI systems at the technical level—

thereby enabling the identification, assessment, and control of risk sources at their respective stages—but also

allow for the tracing of obligated subjects based on technical architecture, facilitating the granular assignment of

specific obligations to various entities.

Returning to the Legislative Scene: Renewing Data Legislation Models from the Perspective of Interest Balancing

SUN Guanhao

2026, 43(5):  29-43. 

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Currently, China’s data legislation inherits the“problem-oriented”paradigm of traditional sectoral law, which fails to align with the rapidly evolving technological characteristics of the digital domain. Consequently, it suffers from limitations such as the coexistence of regulatory conflict and homogeneity, inadequate responsiveness to practical bottlenecks, and a lack of foresight. To tackle these challenges, the theory of interest balancing should be introduced. By observing the interaction and bargaining processes among various stakeholders in data lawmaking, and thereby“returning to the legislative scene,”this approach can facilitate a paradigm shift in data legislation. The legislative methodology of interest balancing offers threefold advantages: first, the“hierarchical structure”of interests can effectively cope with the composite nature of data rights; second, the“social consensus”attribute of interests helps mitigate legislative gaps; third, the stability of interests helps defuse legislative lag. Specifically, data legislation based on interest balancing should take the resolution of interest conflicts as its baseline, place its focus on balancing heterogeneous interests, and aim to adapt to technological developments. It should identify the interest balancing patterns potentially involved in data legislation through interest classification, and design differentiated legislative paths tailored to the distinct priorities of balancing homogeneous and heterogeneous interests.

The Generative“Uncanny Valley”: Ontological Ruptures and Aesthetic Reconstruction of AIGC Imagery

ZHANG Zongwei, ZHANG Shinu

2026, 43(5):  44-56. 

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AIGC (Artificial Intelligence Generated Content) imagery frequently induces an inexplicable sense of the“uncanny,”“creepy,”or even“horrific”in audiences, which can be conceptualized as the rebirth of the“uncanny valley”effect in the generative AI era. Essentially a cognitive conflict, the uncanny valley effect triggered by AIGC imagery exposes three interconnected ontological ruptures. At the level of generative logic, the Baudrillardian“simulacrum without origin”dismantles the anthropocentric frame of reference; in the temporal dimension, algorithmic slicing and reassembling tear apart the continuity of Bergsonian durée; in the realm of subjectivity, the Lacanian“puncture of the Real”reveals the anti-colonization of intentional symbols by data ghosts. Rather than mere technical flaws, these three ruptures represent the growing pains of human cognitive paradigm shifts. In confronting the uncanny valley of AIGC imagery, we should bypass mere avoidance and actively seek a path of transcendence: transforming the uncanny into a new rationality for diagnosing social  biases, acknowledging the autonomous reality of AIGC through Object-Oriented Ontology, embracing generative heterogeneity via a Wabi-Sabi algorithmic aesthetic, and ultimately achieving a posthuman ethical turn through the experience of the algorithmic sublime. This trajectory calls for relinquishing the obsession that AI must mirror humanity, thereby offering an aesthetic resolution to the cognitive conflicts of the digital age. 

The Irreducible Body: Embodied Order in the Age of Hyperreality —A Critical Inquiry into Science Fiction Films 

WANG Zhuo’er

2026, 43(5):  57-69. 

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The mediation of perceptual experience by hyperreal technologies has precipitated a dual predicament for the body: it is systematically displaced from the center of cognition and reconstituted as a computable, optimizable symbolic interface. A threefold critical trajectory illuminates the generative mechanism of this predicament. The classical cinematic apparatus, through monocular perspective, produces a “vacancy of the body,”engendering a nostalgia for the experience of presence. Digital images, responding to this nostalgia with a“hyperreal body,”nonetheless subordinate the body to a normative hierarchy determined by algorithms. The embodiment illusion further internalizes external structural exclusions into an individual pursuit of“optimizability.”Grounded in Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of embodiment, Deleuze’s theory of societies of control, and Don Ihde’s insight into the multistability of technologies, this analysis demonstrates that the body has not perished. Rather, as the originary field of meaning-generation, it perpetually interrupts the closure of the symbolic order through its incommensurable excess. Thus, a“non-optimizing ethics”is established: ethical concern lies not in the choice between technological empowerment and its refusal, but in safeguarding the body’s potential to sustain coexistence through its finitude, friction, and situatedness within the dynamic recalibration of human-technology interplay. 

The Approach of“Four Dual-Pronged Strategies”: Revisiting the Market-Oriented Reform of Factor Allocation in China

CHANG Xiuze

2026, 43(5):  70-81. 

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The market-oriented reform of factor allocation in China has entered a phase of systemic deepening, which requires the approach of “Four Dual-Pronged Strategies”as a progressive conceptual framework. This framework comprises four dimensions: First, economic development and human development constitute the“dual-development approach,”clarifying the dual value objectives of the reform. Second, institutional unity and allocative dynamism achieve a dynamic equilibrium through “dual-attribute integration, ”balancing market order with flexible efficiency. Third, resource allocation and income distribution exert“dual-regulatory functions,”promoting equity while optimizing efficiency. Fourth, the domestic and international circulations rely on the“dual-circulation pattern,”clearing bottlenecks through the smooth flow of production factors to serve the new development paradigm. These four dimensions advance progressively and support one another, collectively constituting a systemic strategy to deepen the market-oriented reform of factor allocation.

The Universal Dimensions and International Dissemination of Jidi Majia’s Poetry

ZHU Zhenwu

2026, 43(5):  82-91. 

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The international resonance of contemporary Chinese poet Jidi Majia’s poetry is closely tied to the universal dimensions inherent in his poetic thought and creative practice, namely, his ethnic, ecological, and aesthetic concerns. His ethnic concern forms the philosophical foundation of his work, establishing a distinct dialectical relationship with the shared consciousness of community. His ecological concern endows his writing with a conscious ecological holism and an eco-poetic perspective, aligning with global endeavors in ecological civilization. His aesthetic concern imbues his verses with a vitalistic will and sensuous energy, connecting them—through the“ideational musicality”and the“continuity of metaphor and emotion”—to the poetic traditions of Third World nations, particularly in Africa. The synergy of these three universal dimensions, coupled with the balanced translation strategies employed by Sinologists, constitutes a key factor in the widespread dissemination of Jidi Majia’s poetry across dozens of countries and regions. 

The Late Qing Translation and Introduction of Science Fiction and the Construction of a Modern Vision of National Future

WU You

2026, 43(5):  92-104. 

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Science fiction serves as a crucial vehicle for imagining the future. This genre was introduced into China through translation amid the late-nineteenth-century tide of the eastward transmission of Western learning. Known at the time as“scientific fiction,”it was from the outset endowed with a nationalist mission of “saving the nation through science.”In this context, for progressive intellectuals of the late Qing period, the translation and introduction of scientific fiction was not merely a form of cross-linguistic literary transmission, but a practice of“engaged translation”closely intertwined with enlightenment, national salvation, and social transformation. Late Qing translators sought, through the translation of diverse future-oriented imaginations, to provide China with a trans-spatiotemporal perspective to examine the deficiencies of the present and to explore possible solutions to pressing national crises, thereby transforming literary imagination into an active constructive force. In this sense, the significance of the translation and introduction of scientific fiction in the late Qing period lies not only in scientific enlightenment and the renewal of literary genres, but more importantly in its role in enabling“the future”to break free from the cyclical logic of traditional Chinese temporality and become a modern category closely tied to national survival, rejuvenation, and historical progress, thus contributing to the construction of a modern Chinese conception of the nation’s future. 

How Does Rural Policy Communication Generate Consensus？—A Case Study of Centralized Residential Governance in L Village,

Shanghai

LI Feng , HAN Bing

2026, 43(5):  105-119. 

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Drawing on co-production theory, this study, through an empirical analysis of centralized residential governance in L Village, X Town, Shanghai, reveals that policy communication is inherently a co-productive process. However, the interplay between structural environments and residents’daily lives generates“information noise”—subjective cognitive distortions that hinder effective communication. In this context, grassroots policy implementers act as“noise reducers,”employing policy discourse, local knowledge, and affective narratives to align diverse public perceptions into a shared framework, thereby fostering consensus. This study extends co-production theory from public service delivery to policy process analysis, uncovering the dual constructedness of communication (the state-society interplay) and offering practical insights for enhancing governance precision.

Residential Community Responsibility: Theory and Practice in Australia

YU Zucheng, PAN Rui

2026, 43(5):  120-134. 

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As key subjects of grassroots governance, the construction of residents’responsibility is a core issue in building a grassroots governance community characterized by“responsibility for all, fulfillment by all, and enjoyment by all,”and the element of residents’“responsibility”can be refined into the concept of “residential community responsibility.”From the perspective of area studies, and drawing on secondary-source analysis, policy-text analysis, and field research, an investigation of Australia reveals that limited government and the principle of subsidiarity, fiscal contractual relationships and taxpayer awareness, as well as the tradition of mateship and multiculturalism, serve as the theoretical pillars for this construction in the country, while its grassroots practice unfolds along three dimensions: residents’legal duties, residents’public moral obligations, and residents’private moral obligations. The Australian experience suggests that residential community responsibility does not rely solely on moral initiatives or organizational mobilization, but results from its deep  embedding within institutional operations; its stable functioning depends on clear boundaries of rights and responsibilities, perceptible cost-sharing mechanisms, and institutionalized participation procedures. Its implications for China lie in promoting the reciprocity of rights and responsibilities, establishing benefit-linked mechanisms of participation, and fostering autonomous social organizations.

Current Status, Dilemmas, and System Construction of Chinese Language International Communication from an Omni-media

Perspective: A Case Study of Short Videos on YouTube and TikTok

FAN Huiqin

2026, 43(5):  135-150. 

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Driven by the rapid evolution of the Internet and artificial intelligence, the digital space has emerged as a novel arena for the Chinese language international communication, with social media and short videos serving as pivotal pathways to enhance communication efficacy. Evidence from YouTube and TikTok reveals that Chinese language teaching short videos still exhibit substantial room for improvement across user engagement metrics—such as view counts, likes, and comments—as well as in terms of content volume and quality, indicating that their overall communicative influence warrants further strengthening. Currently, the structural dilemmas facing the Chinese language international communication lie in three key areas: the challenge of balancing the professional attributes of Chinese language pedagogy with the platform dynamics of social media; the misalignment between the algorithmic logic of social media and the practical demands of Chinese language international communication; and the tension in reconciling the non-profit operations of Chinese language communication entities with the necessity of commercial monetization. To address these challenges, there is an urgent need to construct a tailored omni-media communication system. This requires establishing a dual-track production mechanism characterized by a “professional core with platform adaptation,”developing an intelligent technology system optimized for Chinese language international communication, and exploring diversified and hierarchical modes of innovative management.