Table of Content

15 July 2012, Volume 29 Issue 4

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Articles

The Current International Situation and Public Diplomacy

2012, 29(4):  1-11. 

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With the fast rise of China and rapid changes in the world, China' s concern on international issues now enjoys an unprecedented escalation and is characterized by the coexistence of various viewpoints. The unipolar world has been withering and a multipolar global pattern, which is mainly composed of economic entities, is budding. The capitalist system, represented by that of the United States , has exposed in American Financial Crisis, as well as in resultant social problems, its inherent drawbacks and inability to promote the development of modern capitalist nations. Meanwhile, although China has distinguished itself with remarkable economic growth, selfreflection should be conducted in an objective way. Much attention should be paid to the turmoil in Arabian nations, such as Syria and Libya , and deep introspection should also be made on it. The current world sees more diversified models and methods of development than ever before, which features the present international situation along with the AsiaPacific and South China Sea issues. The United States , however, will not build an adversarial relationship with China in consideration of its own economic interest or other factors. More importantly, Southeast Asian countries are not assumed to form an antiChina league with the United States , because they are clear that their bright future is only possible when Asia flourishes as a whole. In this sense, the United States and the Southeast Asian countries are only taking advantage of each other to restraint China' s advancement and prosperity.

Mainstreaming in Chinese Films and Massification of Mainstream Films：Culture, Aesthetics and Limit

2012, 29(4):  12-21. 

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"mainstream movie" is a term rich in connotation and an ideal film form with Chinese characteristics of being pragmatic and balanced while open and flexible. It has experienced a complicated process to sprout, grow and bloom with common understanding. It is a fruit born from a variety of ideologies which seek for cooperation in the multicultural context. In the present Chinese film market, commercial films, theme films and art films all present a "mainstreaming" trend in their own fields from different aspects, which can be described as: the commercialization of theme films, the mainstreaming in commercial films and the commercialization of art films. Despite various forms, these changes actually share the same essence of "massification". Mainstream films, which result from the coexistence and integration of various cultures, show the conflict and interfusion between the dominant culture and the commercial culture. They also reflect the diachronic and synchronic interaction, amalgamation, competition and transformation among the traditional culture, youth culture, Hong Kong culture and foreign cultures. The mainstreaming or massification of these cultural resources builds the multicultural pattern of mainstream movies while demonstrating features of "mainstream" art, aesthetics and culture.

Intervention War in Film and Ideology

2012, 29(4):  22-30. 

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As a new war form after the Cold War, the Intervention War is armed intervention in affairs of other countries in the name of humanitarianism and antiterrorism. Interventionwar films differ from other war films in that, instead of describing largescale military confrontations or a completevictory ending, they tend to shape the sadness and helplessness of heroes as well as the distortion and degeneration of human nature among soldiers. Although such films no longer describe the international conflict as that between the two opposing camps during the Cold War, yet they distinctively demonstrate the ideology of western culture.)

Microfilms: Changes, Chances and Challenges

2012, 29(4):  31-38. 

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The microfilm is a new movie form that sprouted as grass-root network videos, grew into conventional films released on the Internet, and now blooms as for-profit prfessional films jointly created by traditional entertainment companies, communication platforms of new media, and sponsors. It is an attempt to achieve a multi-win-win situation through resource integration and will bring far-reaching infuence on, even a new stage of industry convergence to , Chinese film industry.

The Translation of Canadian Literature in English in China (1949—2009)
——And Socio-Cultural Aspects of Literary Translation

2012, 29(4):  39-50. 

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Being an integral part of Chinese scholarship on Canadian literature in English, the translation of Canadian literature in English was scarce before the Reform and Openingup, got under way in 1980s, grew in full swing in 1990s and thrived in the 21st century. The translation of Canadian literature in English in China exhibits the sociocultural aspects of literary translation. Extratextual factors like sociocultural psychology, literary paradigm and readers'  aesthetic orientation at different times have different requirements for literary translation, thus resulting in translation literature with a variety of patterns and functions.

A Study on "Eight Rhymes" Through History of Chinese Poetry

2012, 29(4):  51-61. 

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With reference to the history of Chinese poetry, "Eight Rhymes" are found to be with various classifications and origins. Not taking homophone rhyme as a rhyme pattern, the author of Eight Rhymes creates four new rhyme styles, i.e., assonance rhyme, successiveassonance rhyme, doublecharacter rhyme and doublerhyme rhyme. The latter four are produced according to Chinese phonetic features rather than examples from poetic works, based on which are summarized adjacenthomophone rhyme, modified rhyme and dynamic rhyme. From the "Eight Rhymes" can we see that rhyme styles of Chinese poetry kept developing till the middle Tang Dynasty and were more deeply understood in the theory of poetic rhythm from the Six Dynasties and the poetics after the glorious age of Tang Dynasty than in modern times.

On the Process and Characteristics of Style Differentiation of Tanci in Qing Dynasty

2012, 29(4):  62-71. 

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As the carrier of language, the literary style is not simply about genre but reflects more about the writer's personality, school or the works' era characteristics. The "style differentiation" of Tanci refers to the process during which Dialogue Tanci separates from Narrative Tanci in the two different workplaces of "booth" and "study" to become the main form of telling and singing as well as to lead the composing trend of Tanci. This process not only contains the genre change of Tanci but also shows a general picture of the author's creation style, the narrative mechanism of works, the performance market, the prevailing vogue, etc. In short, the style differentiation of Tanci in Qing Dynasty is an inevitable result from the continuous refinement of style with the maturity of overall culture.

More Thoughts on Relation Between Science and Ethics

2012, 29(4):  72-88. 

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Basically speaking, those various opinions on the relationship between science and ethics are interested in one question: does science have something to do with ethics? If yes, it is held that science contributes to ethics. If no, it is argued that scientific knowledge and ethics are separate from and independent of each other, i.e., they are fundamentally different, and scientific knowledge never benefits or influences ethics. The two answers both make some sense but are extreme and biased. The relationship between science and ethics is actually dialectical: to science of research activities and social construction, it directly impacts ethics and vice versa; to science as knowledge systems or scientific knowledge, it is hardly affected by but exerts indirect effect on ethics, i.e., ethic codes can not be directly induced or deduced from scientific theories. Scientific theories provide not only some background knowledge and indirect help to the choice and establishment of ethnical codes but also new ethical issues (environmental ethics, ecological ethics, bioethics, gene ethics, cloning ethics, etc.) for people to think and study. Only based on such understanding can we evaluate and analyze the relation in question as well as reasonably criticize the two extreme views of "science governs morality" and "science ruins morality".

Theory, Space and Symbol
——A Semiologic Perspective on Contemporary Space Criticism Theories

2012, 29(4):  89-100. 

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Semiology is the important methodological basis of contemporary space criticism theories, and the latter is a new symbol of how modern Semiology has developed. The intertextual relations between them, however, have attracted so little attention that people tend to have miscomprehension of contemporary space criticism theories. Probing into this neglected aspect, the author analyzes some important contemporary space ideas, namely Henri Lefebvre' s spatial trinity methodology, Edward W. Soja's thirdspace theory, and Pierre Bourdieu's idea of social space regionalization and symbolized power codes, in order to deepen the studies on contemporary space criticism theories.

Transfer of the Contractual Right of Rural Land and Transition of Rural Collective Economy
——Legal Thinking on the Second Rural Land System Reform

2012, 29(4):  101-116. 

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It is an inevitable and feasible solution to develop reasonablescale economy through the contractual right of rural land transfer subject to a stable rurallandcontract system. As to the contractual right of rural land, the reform means to propertize the land use right, i.e., to make it no longer a static real right but marketable property or productive elements. This reform will change the current cooperation system into a new collective rural economy system characterized by socialized market orientation. Although the ideal is the landshared cooperative system by all members in a collective unit, it is more realistic to develop variousscale economy through the contractual right of rural land transfer under the Rural Land Contracting Operation Law. Currently, it is of urgent importance to explore the rural land property right system that supports this new rural collective economy system. This can be down on the following to basis: 1) a correct understanding of the relationship between the transfer of the contractual right of rural land and the transition of rural collective economy, 2) a clear delineation of the target and content of this new rural collective economy system.

On How to Develop China' s Social Entrepreneurship
——Suggestions Based on Current Status of Global Social Entrepreneurship

2012, 29(4):  117-130. 

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From a global perspective, the entrepreneurs' obligatory sense for social responsibility and ecological protection is weak, the development of social entrepreneurship is slower than that of commercial one, and how to develop social entrepreneurship remains a challenging issue for every nation. Social entrepreneurship goes positively with economic development. In particular, more of its participants are in developed countries than in developing ones, more are male, more are younger than those in commercial entrepreneurship, and more are educated than those in other entrepreneurship fields. Social entrepreneurship is mainly related to aspects including education, healthcare, culture, economic development, environmental protection and so on. Among the worldwide businesses devoted to social entrepreneurship, the number of enterprises operating for social responsibility is more than that of those for commercial profits or economic benefits. By statistically analyzing the abovementioned findings, suggestions are presented as references for the development of China's social entrepreneurship.

On Consumers' Causal Attribution Mechanism in Product-harm Crises

2012, 29(4):  131-140. 

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Causal Attribution, which plays a dominant role in consumers' cognition of productharm crises, not only determines the crises' accountability and its degree but also functions as an important guidance to crisis response. Based on Cues Utilization Theory, this essay chooses selfmonitoring and brand image respectively as personality and situational variables, constructs the model of consumers' causal attribution mechanism, which is then tested with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and discovers two ways of consumers' causal attribution: personality attribution and situational attribution. Finally, the findings are discussed and some suggestions on management are given.