Table of Content

15 January 2020, Volume 37 Issue 1

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Big Data Analysis of the Policy Focus and Orientation of #br# Government Governance#br#

2020, 37(1):  1-15. 

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 Policy analysis based on big data  can delineate the focus of governmental policies over the years and the degree of their relevance. By using the method of content analysis, the article conducts an indepth analysis of the big data of the governance policies in the following regions across China: eastern, western, southern, northern, central region and regions including all municipalities directly under of the Central Government. Through an analysis of the semantic relations and highfrequency words, the study presents the trend and development orientation of the government policies in different regions and finds that regional differences stand out not only in terms of social governance policies, but also in terms of their actual development and policy orientation.
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Revisiting the Legal Personality of AI from the Functional Perspective

2020, 37(1):  16-26. 

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 Largescale application of artificial intelligence (AI) has triggered some critical legal issues like the assumption of tort liability, the determination of rights and abilities and the ownership of intellectual property rights. To solve these problems, we must first of all clarify whether artificial intelligence has legal personality and what kind of legal personality it has. As to whether AI has legal personality, current theories have offered various answers including denial, affirmation and limited affirmation. Since absolute answers of yes or no to the legal status of AI do not meet the actual needs, a compromise theory of limited legal personality should be adopted. A study of the historical course of how the connotation of legal personality has gradually expanded and how the proposed AI legal personality came into being is functionally necessary to meet the actual needs. Starting from solving practical problems, we should acknowledge the limited legal personality of AI and establish a doctrine of primary liability that can unveil the mysteries of AI liability so as to realize the positive goal of AI technologies facilitating social development through the adjustment of legal system. 



On the Ethical Responsibility of Artificial Intelligence

2020, 37(1):  27-36. 

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It is true that artificial intelligence is playing an increasingly important role in today’s society, yet it also challenges the current social ethical system by triggering the question: who should be responsible for the accidents involving intelligent machines? The new instrumentalism claims that machines should be regarded as slaves. The supporters of machine ethics hold that intelligent machines should be regarded as moral agents. However, both stances are faced with many challenging problems. Comparatively speaking, the hybrid approach is more rational in that it takes the holistic perspective, arguing that the status of moral agent should be extended to nonhuman entities. Following this rationale, all agents related to intelligent machines should be assigned for the joint responsibility in events involving intelligent machines.



New Aesthetics of Imagination and “Imagination Consumption” #br# in the Context of FilmGame Integration#br#

2020, 37(1):  37-47. 

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Imagination has always been discussed in the field of literary and art theories in such dimensions as subjects’ creation and aesthetic appreciation. Given the current context of media transformation in which filmgame integration is gaining popularity, a new aesthetic appeal for imagination has been aroused by both audience aesthetic tastes and film creation, which once again brings the topic of imagination into specific discourse fields such as the Internet, transmedia and new consumption era. It is under the background of filmgame integration that the authors put forward the term of “imagination consumption” in the Internet era, and make a preliminary theoretical analysis and construction. The discussion encompasses the following two aspects of today’s film creation: the foundation of visual technology and the imagination based on text world. While observing how imagination unfolds in specific works, the authors aptly relate the imagination aesthetics to imagination consumption, in the hope of revisiting and rethinking the evolving relationship between images and reality. 



On Imagination Consumption in Film Aesthetics: Motives, #br# Production and Purposes

2020, 37(1):  57-65. 

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In Chinese film aesthetics, imagination as rational experience is derived from art and social practice. In the context of the postindustrial era of consumerism, the integration of this rational experience with economic activities leads further to the practice of business and aesthetics, thus the rise of “imagination consumption”. The research on “imagination consumption”, with a positive and pioneering orientation of aesthetic criticism, should be conducted in the perspective of integrated and interdisciplinary explanation of social structures. The interpretation of “imagination consumption” is centered on boundary expansion in the real society of film arts and on how to realize the interactive unity of commercial and aesthetic value by shifting from economic transactions of film products. In view of this, the perspective of “imagination consumption” is taken as the medium theoretical support. By eliminating the habitual partition at the bottom, the paper sets the pursuit of the whole social structure as the theme of the public and social aesthetics, so that the audience can experience the aesthetical interaction between subjective life experience and objective social cognition. Presently, owing to the mass consumer culture, the research on “imagination consumption” has become an important means of practicing film aesthetics and a pioneering trend of theoretical innovation. With the technological advancement in the new era, it will gain wider recognition as a unique, integrated and multidisciplinary approach. 



Imagination Consumption: Realistic Basis, Aesthetic Feature #br# and Future Approach

2020, 37(1):  57-65. 

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LI Li
(Art College, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China)Abstract： The rise of the newgeneration directors and the booming of sciencefictions are the realistic basis for imagination consumption. Based on postassumption aesthetics, imagination consumption has a combined aesthetic feature, with virtual reality as its core, new media as its means and experience as its appeal.The future approach of imagination consumption is to make a film“an extended film”, a transboundary, pluralist, multimedia and interdisciplinary artistic form, which will be characterized by the rapid development of filmgame integration.Imagination consumption is not only a bridge between postassumption aesthetics and film industrial aesthetics,but also a result of the Chinese scholars’ acute question awareness and academic perspectives. It not only constitutes a dialogue between Chinese film studies and international film studies, but more importantly, offers an answer in the new era to the eternal question of “what is a film”. 



Perspective from SHI Zhecun’s “Wife”: Domesticity, Alienness and #br# Transformation of Form

2020, 37(1):  66-76. 

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The essay reinterprets SHI Zhecun’s developments and transformations in novelistic form from 1930s to 1940s and tries to reveal that SHI’s stylistic transformation in the late 1930s is not sudden and passive, but spontaneous and strongly motivated. Emphasizing that the subject of “family life” with “wife” as the centre is of significance in his creation, the study investigates the subject’s flow among different styles; furthermore, it takes “home” as a kind of metaphorical structure: the concept of “home” always implies “domestic”. In SHI’s works, “home” becomes a field for competition between “domesticity” and “alienness”; as a result, domesticity is gradually restored. From the perspective of writing technique, it is exactly the readjustment and contraction of psychological space that releases “home” from the surreal grotesque land to a steady realistic space. That is to say, the internal restoration of domesticity and locality ultimately extends to the external, working in concert with SHI’s reselection of traditional generic form and literary techniques.




On the Regime of Midocean Archipelagos of Continental States

2020, 37(1):  77-93. 

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 “Archipelagic States”, as Part IV of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is an innovative regime of midocean archipelagos in the development of international maritime law. However, as a “package deal”, the Convention fails to provide a specific regime governing midocean archipelagos of continental States. At present, several continental States still follow traditional practice: applying straight baselines to their midocean archipelagos, which is against the current framework of the Convention. Moreover, if such practice is to become customary international law, it will undermine the entire system of the Convention. In contrast, if continental States choose to apply the regime of “Archipelagic States” of the Convention analogically to their midocean archipelagos, they will not only achieve the balance of maritime interests between continental States and other States, but also guarantee the authority and integrity of the Convention to the maximum. Therefore, the analogical application of the regime of “Archipelagic States” of the Convention to midocean archipelagos of continental States seems to be a better approach than the current practice of applying straight baselines to midocean archipelagos of continental States.



The Crime of Compelling Prostitution from the Angle of Victims

2020, 37(1):  94-104. 

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 Prostitution should be understood as sexual services including sexual intercourse or other direct sexual contacts that arouse sexual awareness or satisfy sexual psychology provided by a man or a woman in exchange for material or other benefits. Victims of compelling prostitution can either be men or be women. The people who do not directly engage in prostitution, including family members like wife and daughter, but form an interrelated whole with the person compelled to prostitute in the eyes of the coercing party, are also the victims of compelling prostitution. In addition, people who are unconscious or have impaired consciousness or children under 14 are not necessarily victims of compelling prostitution. What the victims do not agree with the coercers may sometimes be inconsistent with what they agree with the clients of prostitution. The criterion for the completion of the crime should be grounded on whether the will of the victim is controlled by the coercer through his/her coercive behavior at the moment of compelling prostitution.



History, Evolution and Divergence#br# —Several Important Issues in the “Historical Correlation between the#br#  Comparison of Chinese and Western Traditional Economic Thoughts and#br#  China’s Road to Development”#br#

2020, 37(1):  105-117. 

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With China’s great economic achievements, the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics has ushered in a new era. It is particularly important to adhere to and develop the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In view of this, the experts participating in the major project of the National Social Science Fund of China (NSSFC)—“Historical Correlation between the Comparison of Chinese and Western Traditional Economic Thoughts and China’s Road to Development” chaired by Professor Ma Tao from the School of Economics in Fudan University, fully discussed several important issues such as the collectivism versus individualism, comprehensive dialectical thinking versus analytical formal logic concerning the methodology of Chinese and Western traditional economic thoughts, the process of establishing public economic system facing development divergence, the differences in value orientation, mode of thinking, research perspectives between Qin and Han Dynasties as well as the source of historical genes of divergence, in the hope of drawing academic attention to the comparative study between Chinese and Western economic thoughts.



Influencing Factors of Public Participation in Environmental Protection: #br# A Case Study of Environmental Tipoff Hotlines#br#

2020, 37(1):  118-128. 

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 Public participation in environmental protection is a requirement of social development and an effective way to prevent environmental risks from escalating into social risks. Public participation in environmental protection is of great significance in safeguarding public rights and interests, giving full play to the function of the mass supervision and meeting the need of government administration, thus faciliting the cause of environmental protection. The major componets and structures of public participation mechanism of environmental protection consist of two layers. One is the series of holistic and fundamental factors that influence public participation, driven by external motivation and mainly referring to the social structure and system. The other is public environmental protection awareness driven by internal motivation which includes awareness of environmental science, environmental ethics and legal awareness of environmental protection. The research results show that the willingness of public environmental participation has obvious spatial characteristics. The forms of tipoffs have a significant impact on public participation in environmental protection. Population with Household registration and GRP also have a significant positive effect on environmental tipoffs, but the per capita disposable income has no significant impact. 



Community Protection: From Collective to Individual Actions in the #br# Anthropological Perspective #br#

2020, 37(1):  129-140. 

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As for the studies of collective actions, both Western and Chinese scholars focus more on how individual actions contribute to collective actions while scarcely discussing how individuals react after a collective action. However, it is not always the case that collective actions lead to the end of the event. Rather, it may mark the beginning of individual actions. Taking the online post bar of A Town Village as a case, this article analyzes how collective actions evolve into individual actions by observing the villagers’ online discussions. It is found that the villagers turned to individual actions after the failure of collective actions, yet without detachment from collective traits. It is because  villagers still seek community protection by identifying their beliefs with the community beliefs and sustaining a close emotional bond with the community. The revealed logic helps us better understand the relation between collective actions and individual actions  and sheds light on possible ways to rebuild new villages in the future.