Table of Content

16 July 2022, Volume 39 Issue 4

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Institutional Arrangement of Accelerating the Construction of a Unified National Market on Land

2022, 39(4):  1-16. 

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Accelerating the construction of a unified national market on land is an important part of building a unified national market. At present, the imbalance between the land property right system and the planned allocation of land resources in China is mainly reflected in the following aspects. On the one hand, urban land and rural land are clearly demarcated; rural collective land has no right to use land for construction; rural land as a residential lot has no usufruct nor security interests; and the rural land has been excessively requisitioned. All this has led to the inequality for farmers to share the fruits of industrialization and urbanization. On the other hand, long-term planned allocation of land resources has caused serious deviation of the distribution of urban and rural construction land from that of population, low scale level of urban and per capita construction land, and unbalanced allocation and utilization structure of urban construction land between different regions and cities. To accelerate the construction of a unified national market on land, in terms of property rights, it is necessary to fully implement the spirit of equal protection of property rights in accordance with Book Two Real Rights in the Civil Code, empowering the same rights and function to both collective and state-owned land. In terms of the mode of resource allocation, it is necessary to fully implement the spirit held by the central government in ensuring the market-based allocation of factors of land, accelerating the transformation from planned land management to market-based allocation. Meanwhile, it is essential to correctly handle the relationship between market-determined allocation and government planning, give better play to the role of the government and reform the current land use regulation system.



Posthumanism at a Crossroads:Dangerous Vision, “Broken Earth” and the Search for Better Pathways

2022, 39(4):  17-33. 

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In the new work Facing Gaia, Latour proposes the New Climatic Regime that further advances his idea of Actor-Network Theory(ANT), using the concept “waves of action” to activate material processes and suggesting that agency lies in the union of environment and organism. In this regard, Latour undoubtedly erases the distinction between material processes and organisms, emphasizing that a distinction must be made between actors and agents, with the former having intentionality, while the latter merely expressing the stakes in a metaphorical way. In response to Latour’s attempt to sociate Science and Religion in the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS), we should notice that the power of disconfirmation cannot be ignored, and that so-called facts are constructed in the midst of social, political, and scientific debates and contests. What is more alarming is that the “earthbound” versus “humans” dichotomy by Latour does not really bring about any positive change after erasing all authorities, nations, and states. In this sense, N.K. Jemisin’s science fiction trilogy “Broken Earth” is like a concrete experiment of Latour’s thought. By analyzing the intentional Earth, the struggle of social, political, economic and emotional forces under extreme conditions, we conclude that Latour’s vision is extremely dangerous. Acknowledging the specificity of living organisms as distinct from material processes, creating a new framework that initiates the unity of all life forms and opens the opportunity to build alliances between humans and non-humans might be a better pathway.



The New Orientations of  Mainstream Culture of Chinese Films  and Possibilities of Genre Changes in the Post-epidemic Era

2022, 39(4):  34-41. 

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In the post-epidemic era, the orientation of mainstream culture of Chinese films may undergo new changes. Firstly, a unique and powerful Chinese voice—“a community of shared future for mankind” will be emphasized from different perspectives; secondly, the theme of safeguarding world peace will be strengthened and deepened; thirdly, China’s core value system will be adhered to and the fine part of Chinese culture will be inherited and carried forward; fourthly, revolutionary genes will be  amplified and revolutionary romanticism and heroism will be vigorously promoted. Influenced by the new orientations of mainstream culture, Chinese genre films may change accordingly. Disaster films, ethical films, science fictions, martial arts and action films in particular will experience adjustments or reconstruction. Meanwhile, with the adjustments and transformation of genre films, we should also see the images with great visual impact created by high technologies. New narrative techniques such as “time travel”, network communication and online commentary among others may also bring various new opportunities of integration and disadvantages. Therefore, it is taken for granted that supervision will be strengthened and the commercial operation of the network will be standardized.

Discrimination of Historical Facts and Reflection on Historical Views—Revisiting the “Fifth Generation”

2022, 39(4):  42-51. 

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A preference for the “Fifth Generation” is present in the researches of Chinese film history. Revisiting the “Fifth Generation” calls for discriminating historical facts and reflecting on historical views. To discriminate historical facts, it means rethinking the differences between narrow and broad sense of the “Fifth Generation”, analyzing the multiple influences on the “Fifth Generation” from the perspective of a holistic perspective, and fully understanding the complexities and contradictions within the “Fifth Generation”. To reflect on historical views, it means reflecting on the preference for the “Fifth Generation”  in “rewriting film history” and on the selectivity, purpose and instrumentality of the writing of film history. Only in this way can “the rewriting of film history” become convincing, capable of restoring history and a history with penetrating thought.



How Government R&D Subsidies Affect Enterprise Innovation—Empirical Evidence from the Panel Data of Chinese Listed Companies from 2007 to 2020

2022, 39(4):  52-70. 

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In recent years, the Chinese government has provided massive research and development（R&D）support to enterprises. How to improve the subsidy efficiency and promote enterprise innovation has become a hot-spot issue. This paper divides R&D subsidies into two types: pre-subsidy and post-subsidy. Based on the data of Chinese listed companies from 2007 to 2020, the paper compares the incentive effects of the two types of subsidies and analyzes the impact of post-subsidy intensity on innovation output by PSM and GPSM methods. The empirical research shows that the enterprises receiving both types of subsidies had higher innovation output than those receiving only one; the higher the post-subsidy intensity, the higher the innovation output; for state-owned enterprises or the enterprises in developed region, only post-subsidies promoted the innovation output, while for private enterprises or the enterprises in less developed areas, both types of subsidies promoted enterprise innovation. It is concluded that R&D subsidies can stimulate enterprise innovation, but different subsidy types have different incentive effects on different enterprises in different regions. The government should treat them differently and implement targeted policies.



Approach to Improving the Input Performance of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research: Achievable Goals

2022, 39(4):  71-86. 

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The research on how to improve the input performance of the research of social sciences and humanities is scarce. Based on the provincial panel data of the social sciences and humanities research provided by the Ministry of Education, the paper puts forward a new performance analysis and improvement framework of input factors. Firstly, SBM super efficiency model is used to measure the performance, and the best input with full efficiency is taken as the improvement direction. Then, the performance of input factors is analyzed based on the simultaneous equation model. Finally, BP artificial neural network is used to test the robustness and conduct auxiliary analysis. The results show that the pure technical efficiency is relatively low, the scale efficiency is relatively high and the efficiency has declined in recent years; the R&D fund performance is lower than that of R&D labor force; the contribution of R&D funds improves rapidly in the case of achievable goals, but it is still lower than that of the R&D labor force; there is still a big gap in R&D input performance between the current situation and the situation under achievable goals.



Mass Line as a Work Method— The Practice of CPC Cadres’ Participation in Physical Labor in 1957 and Its Influence

2022, 39(4):  87-107. 

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By 1956, three major socialist transformations had been basically completed in China. In the same year, the convening of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) marked the establishment of the socialist system, signifying that New China began to enter a period of all-round socialist construction. From 1957 the CPC began to repeatedly underscore that although a decisive victory had been secured on the economic front, thorough socialist transformation on the political and ideological fronts were needed for the adaptation to the all-round development and advancement of socialist construction. Therefore, in the process of carrying out the Rectification Movement, the CPC constantly mobilized leading cadres at all levels to take part in physical labor and reiterated the importance of the mass line in overcoming bureaucracy, sectarianism and subjectivism in the hope of properly handling contradictions among the people while further strengthening and closing the relationship between the party and the masses. This historical practice of reconstructing the mass line as a work method reflected the CPC’s conscientious and complex efforts in dealing with the crises and challenges in the process of socialist construction.



“The Urbanites of the Yore”: Lineage Residences and Interactions in Western Zhou Dynasty from the Perspective of Urban Space

2022, 39(4):  108-123. 

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In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the cities directly under the royal administration were often the centers for lineage settlements. Judging from both unearthed inscriptions and archaeological sites, we can tell that during the period from the mid to late Western Zhou Dynasty, lineage settlements were formed within several important regions around the capital, such as Zheng, Feng, and Zhou (also called Qi). These regions had acquired distinctive traits of a city, becoming important places home to multiple lineages. This phenomenon of lineage clustering in cities was often associated with the migration of clan branches to serve the political and administrative needs of the royal family. The lineages as clan branches living in the cities kept patriarchal relations with the original clan family, but undertook administrative duties assigned by the royal family from generation to generation. An aristocratic social network even came into being due to the marriages among the lineages living within the same city. The introduction of an urban spatial perspective to examine lineage interactions in the cities reflects the fact that while cities in the Western Zhou dynasty served important ceremonial and administrative functions, they also provided important living and social space for the clans as they were home to the lineages as clan branches.



Classifying Rules of Behavior for Personal Information Processing in the Perspective of Trust Relationship

2022, 39(4):  124-140. 

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Given that personal information processing involves a variety of different behaviors throughout the process of information flow and that the risks of specific information processing behaviors change as processing scenes vary, the difficulty of forming a unified standard of rules of behavior increases. To formulate a unified standard, it is necessary to correct the misleading orientation that the current rules of behavior for personal information processing lack classification so as to reconstruct the trust relationship between individuals and personal information processors. In formulating rules of behavior for personal information processing, we should take the ways of realizing the validity of legal rules as the standard of classification while taking into consideration the content and scope of specific fiduciary duties in information relationships. The rules of behavior should include three types: should-do mode, not-to-do mode and can-do mode. The interpretation of the typology of the rules of behavior for personal information processing in The Personal Information Protection Law of China should see that throughout the process of information processing, personal information processors should take the obligations of notification and security protection under the should-do mode, meet the automatic decision-making requirements under the not-to-do mode and make flexible, scene-based guidance and incentive measures under the can-do mode, thus forming a multi-law co-governance under rules, standards and industrial conventions.