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上海大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 26-38.

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马克思异化劳动理论与所有权关系探赜

  

  1. 西安工业大学马克思主义学院
  • 出版日期:2024-11-15 发布日期:2024-11-29
  • 作者简介:寇瑶，西安工业大学马克思主义学院副教授。研究方向：马克 思主义政治哲学、西方马克思主义。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省社会科学基金项目（2022C014）；教育部人文社会科学研究项目（23YJA720005）

Exploring Marx’s Theory of Alienated Labor and Its Relationship to Ownership

  1. School of Marxism, Xi’an Technological University
  • Online:2024-11-15 Published:2024-11-29

摘要：

在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中，马克思从私有财产说明异化劳动理论，并将共产主义看成是对自我异化的积极扬弃。在《德意志意识形态》《资本论》及其手稿等著作中，马克思转向从分工和劳动过程中劳动客观条件与主观条件分配方式之历史演变出发，以劳动与其所有权的历史性关系为抓手，进一步深化和发展了早期异化理论。从所有制深入所有权，最终把异化劳动揭示为资本主义雇佣劳动制下劳动和所有权彻底分离的产物，指明了以社会的个人所有制为基础重建劳动与所有权的统一是未来社会发展中消除异化劳动的路径。

关键词: 异化劳动, 所有权, 劳动所有权

Abstract:

In Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, Marx elucidates his theory of alienated labor through the lens of private property, viewing communism as the positive abolition of self-alienation. In subsequent works such as The German Ideology, Capital, and its manuscripts, Marx shifts his focus to the historical evolution of labor’s objective and subjective conditions within the division of labor and work processes. By examining the historical relationship between labor and ownership, he further deepens and develops his early theory of alienation. Progressing from ownership systems to property rights, Marx ultimately reveals alienated labor as a product of the complete separation of labor and ownership under the capitalist wage labor system. He indicates that the path to eliminating alienated labor in future social development lies in reconstructing the unity of labor and ownership on the foundation of individual ownership based on social principles.

Key words: alienated labor, ownership, labor ownership

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