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上海大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 20-35.

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区块链智能合约下加密数字藏品的法律属性与内生风险

  

  1. 1.复旦大学 法学院，上海 200438； 2.上海财经大学 法学院，上海200433
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-23 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-03-15

The Legal Nature and Internal Risks of Crypto Digital Collections under Blockchain Smart Contracts

  1. 1. Law School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; 2. Law School, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China）
  • Received:2022-03-23 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-03-15

摘要： 世界范围内形成热潮的非同质化通证（NFT）以及加密数字藏品是区块链技术在数字资产确权方面的最新尝试。通过区块链技术和智能合约的应用，使得非同质化通证具备了一定程度的物权特征，但与其底层数字藏品之间的关联却很难仅通过技术手段得以保障。分析加密数字藏品的法律属性与内生风险的结果，建议可对以非同质化通证为代表的区块链数字资产进行针对性立法，以保护其上承载的财产性权利；同时，对于非同质化通证与其底层数字藏品可能发生的在技术上、合法性上以及知识产权方面的疏离，有必要引入部分中心化和实名制的链外机制，如此才能化解加密数字藏品的内生风险，构建稳定的法律环境。

关键词: 区块链, 智能合约, 非同质化通证, 加密数字藏品, 艺术法

Abstract: The non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and crypto digital collections are the latest attempts of blockchain technology to authenticate the ownership of digital assets. The application of blockchain technology and smart contracts enables the NFTs to acquire certain characteristics of property rights. However, mere technological means can hardly secure the links between the underlying digital collections. An Analysis of the legal nature and internal risks of crypto digital collections suggests that a targeted legislation for blockchain digital assets represented by NFTs can be made to protect the property rights bearing on them. Meanwhile, regarding the separation that may occur between an NFT and its underlying digital collections in terms of technology, legality, and intellectual property rights, it is necessary to introduce some off-chain mechanism of centralization and real-name system, to reduce the internal risks of crypto digital collections, thus building a stable legal environment.

Key words: blockchain, smart contract, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), crypto digital collection, Art Law

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