上海大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 67-77.

• 文艺理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

清末民初的医学小说与中国医学的现代转型

  

  1. 上海交通大学 人文学院
  • 出版日期:2022-11-15 发布日期:2022-11-16

Medical Novels in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China in Relation to the Modern Transformation of China’s Medicine 

  • Online:2022-11-15 Published:2022-11-16

摘要:  清末民初之际,在“西医东渐”的背景下,分布在商业报纸、医药专刊和文学期刊上的医学小说成为独特的文学类型。区别于作为象征的医学书写,这类小说摒弃了医学的隐喻传统,转而回归纯粹的医学题材,其创作意图在于鼓吹科学与变革,进而配合现代医学在中国的确立,具有浓烈的工具论意味和鲜明的时代特色。从文学和医学的互动角度出发可以发现,清末民初的医学小说分别通过揭批医界时弊、联合媒介权力普及细菌学常识和描绘美好的乌托邦世界等途径,实现了情感动员、知识生产和共识的凝聚,从而建构了一套迥异于传统的现代医学话语,在一定程度上推动了中国医学的现代化转型。


关键词: 清末民初, 报刊, 医学小说, 中国医学, 现代化转型

Abstract:  During the period of the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, medical novels distributed in commercial newspapers, medical special issues and literary journals stood out as unique literary genres given the context of “the spreading of western medicine to the East”. Different from those traditional medical writings that conveyed symbolic connotation of medicine, medical novels during this period abandoned the “metaphorical” tradition, and returned to the pure medical theme with a purpose of advocating science and change, and then facilitating the establishment of modern medicine in China. Therefore, they were highly “instrumental” with distinct characteristics of the times. Viewing from the interaction between literature and medicine, we can find that the medical novels in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China achieved emotional mobilization, knowledge production and broad consensus by various means such as exposing and criticizing the shortcomings of the medical community at the time, popularizing bacteriological knowledge with the joint efforts of the media and describing a beautiful Utopian world. As a result, these novels constructed a set of modern medical discourse quite different from the traditional narrative, and facilitated the modern transformation of Chinese medicine to a certain extent.


Key words:  late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, newspapers and periodicals, medical novels, China’s medicine, modern transformation