上海大学学报(社会科学版)

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中国个人信息保护的权利构造

  

  1. 南京审计大学法学院
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-10 出版日期:2019-03-15 发布日期:2019-03-15

The Construction of the Right to Personal Information in China#br#

  • Received:2018-06-10 Online:2019-03-15 Published:2019-03-15

摘要: 信息社会具有高度复杂性,简约的概念化思维无法面对复杂的本体,必须以整体方法论阐释个人信息保护的权能,以人格与财产二象性构成权属,以人格嵌入财产进行权利构造。在给定个人信息的人格要素状态下,一组事件(劳动与交易),在环境及外部约束条件下,使个人信息在原有隐私权、人格权、基本权利的基础上分离出一组新的权能,并通过国家赋权、功能创生出个人信息权的新形态,包括个人信息控制权、公开权、信息产权、被遗忘权、剩余权等,所有这些以一组交叠共识的权能构成个人信息权。面对个人信息权利的复杂构造,中国个人信息保护以混合立法模式和整体立法原则相结合,形成以私法为起点,以经济法、行政法、刑法为保护,以社会法为保障的整体性法律构造。构建出一套既要让个人信息流动起来,又要防止因个人信息流动而产生巨大风险的个人信息保护法律体系。

关键词: 分权,  , 个人信息权, 权属, 赋权, 整体方法论

Abstract: Abstract: As the information society is highly complex, a sketchy conceptualized thinking mode cannot fit in the complicated ontology. The right to personal information must be explained in a holistic approach with personality and property as the dual ownership and through constructing the right to personal information by embedding personality into property. Under the condition of a given personality element of personal information and with the environmental and external constraints in a series of events (labor and transaction), a set of new rights to personal information separates from other rights such as the right to privacy, right to personality and basic rights, thus generating a new form of rightright to personal information, with the aid of the State empowering and  functional deriving. The right to personal information includes the right to control personal information, public right, right to information property, right to be forgotten and residual right, with all these rights overlapping and sharing common ground. Due to the complicated strucutre of the right to personal information, the protection of personal information in China should combine the mixed legislature mode with the holistic legislature principles, aiming at an integrated legal structure with privacy law as the starting point, the economic law, administrative law and criminal law as the protection and the law of society as the guarantee. In this way, we may construct a legal system of personal informtion protection, which encourages the mobility of personal information while warding off potential huge risks involved.

Key words: ownership, seperated right,  right to personal information, wholistic approach, empowering