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上海大学学报(社会科学版)

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全球环境治理的国际统一立法走向——《世界环境公约（草案）》观察

  

  1. 武汉大学 环境法研究所
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-10 出版日期:2018-09-15 发布日期:2018-09-15

Towards Global Integrated Legislation on the Environment#br# ——Observations on the Draft of Global Pact for the Environment

  • Received:2017-12-10 Online:2018-09-15 Published:2018-09-15

摘要：

 2017年6月法国倡议的《世界环境公约（草案）》是一次意欲推动全球环境治理一体化而整合国际环境立法的可贵尝试。该公约草案主要是对现有国际环境法原则的重申，但也适度发展了新的原则，具有较典型的共进性、权利义务统一性、统领性和框架性。各国政府对公约草案本身尚未明确表态，理论界对其内容和作用亦有所质疑。公约草案的倡导国法国试图在联合国框架下促其生效实施。2018年5月联合国大会通过了评估制定“世界环境公约”可行性的决议，启动了联合国工作程序。虽然法国意欲推动联合国在2020年左右通过“世界环境公约”，但就目前的《世界环境公约（草案）》来看，其因缺乏法律规范体系的逻辑自洽性，未必能实质性推动全球环境治理国际统一立法的车轮。
 

关键词: 《世界环境公约（草案）》, 全球环境治理, 法国政府, 国际统一立法, 气候变化

Abstract:

The draft of Global Pact for the Environment proposed by France in June 2017 is a valuable attempt to integrate international environmental legislation through the integration of global environmental governance. The Pact mainly reaffirms the existing principles of international environmental law, meanwhile moderately develops new principles. The Pact has typical characters of coprogressiveness, unification of rights and obligations, overall command and unified framework on the whole, but governments of the world have not clearly shown their attitudes to the Pact itself apart from academic's questioning of its content and function. France, as the active advocator of the Pact, has attempted to make it into effect in the framework of the United Nations. In May 2018, the United Nations Assembly passed the decision to review the feasibility of formulating a new environmental legal document—the Global Pact for the Environment, with some countries supporting and others against it. Technically speaking, the current draft text of the Pact lacks logical consistency of the legal governance system, and may not effectively open up a new milestone in the unified legislation of global environmental governance.
Key words：

Key words:  Draft of Global Pact for the Environment, unified international legislation, climate change, global environmental governance, French government