上海大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 72-84.

• 法学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

刑法中“行政处罚”入罪要素的立法运用和限缩解释

  

  1. 华东政法大学 法律学院
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-10 出版日期:2018-01-15 发布日期:2018-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 李翔(1976),男,江苏泗洪人。华东政法大学法律学院教授,法学博士。研究方向:中国刑法与比较刑法。

On the Application and Restrictive Interpretation of “Administrative Punishments” as Elements of Incrimination in Criminal Law

  • Received:2016-06-10 Online:2018-01-15 Published:2018-01-15

摘要:

 刑法中的“行政处罚”属于非典型的入罪要素,在刑事政策指导下,充当了扩大犯罪圈的“马前卒”。无论是法律拟制、刑法保障功能的论点,抑或是新的犯罪形态之论,都无法充分论证“行政处罚”作为入罪要素的合理性和必要性。根据刑法谦抑性原则和刑罚轻缓化基本理念,在刑事立法层面上,应遵循行政处罚措施穷尽的基本原则,即以行为人受到行政处罚、行政处罚种类和幅度已用尽为刑法立法指导原则;在刑事司法层面上,行政处罚作为非典型的入罪要素不能单独完成行刑案件的界分,而应回归到个罪的罪质和罪量这一传统入罪标准,对刑事规范中“行政处罚”要素从刑法解释学上作限缩解释。

Abstract:

“Administrative punishments” in the criminal law are atypical elements of incrimination, which put a premium on the expansion of criminals under the guidance of criminal policies, but none of current theories can fully demonstrate the rationality and necessity of administrative punishments as elements of incrimination, be it in the perspective of legal fiction, function of the guarantee of criminal law, or new forms of crimes. According to the modest principle of criminal law and the basic concept of venial penalty, the principle of exhaustion of administrative penalty should be followed at the level of criminal legislation, which means the types and extent of the administrative penalties that the actor receives should be exhausted. At the level of criminal justice, administrative punishments, as atypical elements, cannot be used alone as a demarcation for the division between criminal and administrative cases, but referring to the traditional standard of incrimination taking into account the nature and amount of crimes of each accusation. The elements of administrative punishments in Criminal Law should be applied with restrictive interpretation.
Key words:

Key words: administrative punishments| criminal punishability| standards of incrimination| restrictive interpretation,