关键词:  , 形而上学本体论；劳动实践生存论；终极与现实双重关怀；剩余价值学说

Abstract:  Marx’s labor-practical existentialism theoretically enhanced western traditional existentialism of metaphysical ontology, which simultaneously concerns about the ultimate end and reality of life. After an overlook of the existence modes of capitalism that has became the main one in modern times, Marx created his new theory based on the transformation from an ultimate concern to reality care. To address such kind of Marx’s theoretical creativity, his contributions to surplus value theory should be a good example, including his modifications of labor value theory, his finding the origins of surplus values, his definitions of the double social roles of capitalists, and his acknowledge of surplus value productions and therefore necessary distributions according to capital at the preliminary stage of socialism. It can be concluded that Marx believes that surplus value productions are unavoidable in human history. Thus, it is inevitable that every person would be somehow involved in surplus value productions.

Key words: Key words： metaphysical ontology, labor-practical existentialism, ultimate and reality concerns, surplus value theory