上海大学学报(社会科学版)

• 传播学研究 • 上一篇    

当代美国新闻报道话语特征管窥

  

  1. 上海大学影视艺术技术学院
  • 出版日期:2010-04-25 发布日期:2010-04-25
  • 作者简介:薛中军(1964),女,江苏无锡人。上海大学影视艺术技术学院教授。

Some Features of the News-REport Discourse in Contemporary America

  • Online:2010-04-25 Published:2010-04-25

摘要:

具有超级传媒帝国之称的美国,新闻传播影响力犹如它有科学技术上的发展一样,引人注目。在当代新闻资讯传播全球化时代,关注并深入分析美国新闻报道的存在与发展形态,能够使我们从中得到某种借鉴启示。中美两种完全不同的政治新闻生态各自存在着其独特性与合理性,而这两种社会形态衍生出的新闻体制、法规、营运模式等也有各自存在的合理性、差异性及社会规律性等。所以,对中美新闻报道作评论时宜持辩证的观点;另一方面,中美新闻报道在新闻采写的程序等方面存在着某种可交融性,尤其是美国新闻报道文本话语运用显示出一定的个性,在词性、语境、语用等方面具有多元特点,某种程度上有助于新闻信息传达的贴切、务实、传神。诚然,凡事不可一概而论,中美新闻报道的话语特征及其运用也是如此。美国新闻报道在动词与“子概念”的活用、“潜对话”及“信息空洞”的填补、追求有效信息表达方面,的确有许多值得借鉴、参考之处,有助于目前国内某些传媒报道摆脱存在已久的官话、套话、模式化等弊端,追求新闻话语的创新表达,不仅可满足受众对新闻信息的多向诉求,同时又能进一步增强新闻传播的影响力和媒体的公信力等。

关键词:  美国;新闻报道;话语特征;有效信息;潜对话;信息空洞

Abstract:

The US is wellknown for its "super media empire", the influence of which, just as its powerful scientific technologies, catches people' s eyes. During the age of the contemporary globalization of news communication, it is significant to concern about the existing forms and development of the US newsreport so as to get some useful reference and inspiration. The two countries of China and the US are different from each other in newsreport environments, each having its unique existence and rationality, which means that the system, regulation and operation of newsreports derived from these two social forms also have their different rationality, difference, and regularity. Therefore, when an evaluation of both China' s and the US newsreport is given, a dialectical viewpoint should be held. On the other hand, for the newsreport of China and the US, there also exists some common convergence in such aspect as the procedure of journalist interviews. When the US newsreport discourse is in use, it shows a certain degree of individuality, characteristic of multiple factors, such as parts of speech, context, pragmatics, which, to some extent, helps to convey the appropriateness, effectiveness and vividness. Of course, everything can not be generalized. For the features and usage of the U.S. newsreport, the same is also true. Although, for the US newsreport, not everything is good, it does have much to learn in such aspects as the application of verbs and "subconcepts", the supplement of "potential dialogues" and "information empty", and the pursuit for the expression of effective information. All these will be helpful in getting rid of China' s current bureaucrat, stereotype, formulas in newsreports and in pursuing the creative expression of newsreport discourse, not only satisfying the audience with more news and much information, but also enhancing further the influence of news communication and the credibility of mass media.

Key words: newsreport; discourse; the US; feature; effective information

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