2012 Vol.29

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    2012: A Review of Literature Science: Retrospect and Prospect
    ZENG Jun
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 1-13.  
    Abstract1461)            Save
    After over a decade' s ardent controversy in the new century, the field of literature science in China has gradually calmed down, and some important problems get foregrounded. The present paper elaborates on such basic issues as the relationships between literature and other subjects, between literary theory and cultural reality, and between Chinese and western literary theory resources. It proposes that "the unworthiness of the name" provides literature science with expanded space for interdisciplinary research, targeting  "returning to the literary per se" and enhancing historical consciousness in literature science. The new cultural reality asks for new literary research theory and methodology to achieve more effective interpretation, which is right one of the tasks of literature science. A view of both the academic history based on Chinese and western literary theory resources and a revisit to the basic problems in literary research will contribute to eradicating our academic position and questioning approach in face of the '"new cultural reality".
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    On the Motivation and Cultural Psyche of the Globalization of Chinese Films
    LI Yi-Zhong
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 14-21.  
    Abstract1489)            Save
    The globalization of Chinese films has undergone four phases. The process of globalization, on the whole, has been rather slow, constrained by its different historical contexts, reflecting its respective motivations and cultural psyche. Before 1949, there were only a few individual cases of Chinesemovie export. Between 1949 and 1966, the Chinese movie was characterized by being introverted of the socialist economy. Since the 1980s, the Chinese movie has been internationally popular but nationally unpopular. Now is an historical opportunity as well as an historical mission for Chinese movies to globalize. 
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    Cultural Imagination, Identity, and Difference: The value and approach of the ethnic minorityrelated films in the context of globalization
    CHEN Xu-Guang, HU Yun
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 22-32.  
    Abstract2338)            Save
    The paper first makes a clarification of national film, ethnic minorityrelated film and ethnic minority film; categorizes the ethnic minorityrelated film into three phases of development in the global context, summarizes their respective characteristics in cultural imagination, identity and ideological representation; and lastly, considers the possible strategies and approaches for the ethnic minorityrelated film development from the perspective of cultural pluralism and global representation of ethnic heterogeneity in the hope of specifying strategies and approach of ethnic minorityrelated film in the global context.
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    The Composition of Film Pictures
    ——On Gilles Louis René Deleuze' s Theory of Film Picture
    XU Hui
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 33-41.  
    Abstract1167)            Save
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    Review on The Draft of The Criminal Procedure Law Amendment
    XIE Jing- Wang-Xiao-Hua
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 42-59.  
    Abstract1396)            Save
    Review collection on The Draft of the Amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law, publicized by the NPC Standing Committee in September 2011, is being conducted nowadays from all circles of Chinese for its revision since the 15th amendment in 1996. This revision has an added 62 articles, revised 58, and deleted 2, making article total 285 from the present 225. The present article reviews, one by one, on the merits and demerits of 60 new articles on such basic lawsuit systems as the defense system and the evidence system, covering criminal investigation, prosecution, trial, execution, and other stages alike in litigation. It aims at providing constructive advice for the further revision of the law under discussion.
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    Conviction and Sentencing of Status Crime and Its Accomplice
    ZHANG Bin-1, ZHANG Ben-Yong-2
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 60-73.  
    Abstract1928)            Save
    The distinction between pure status crime and impure status crime, and the confirmation of the complicity by offenders without special status and pure status offenders are among the major issues of status crime research, which also focus on the conviction and punishment of jointoffense committed by offenders without special status, pure status offenders, and that of jointoffense by mixed status ones. The judicial practice home is opting to adopt severe penalty, confirming the complicity of offenders without special status in jointstatus offenses. It's also commonplace that offenses committed by mixed status offenders should be convicted and sentenced according to principal offenders or major offenders, suggesting severe sentence doctrine and judicial arbitrariness. Chinese criminal law circle investigate into international statuscrime theories from a whatis perspective. On the other hand, they probe into jointoffense in status crime in light of the 382 article of the Criminal Code and its legal interpretation. Conclusions drawn hence segregate stipulations of jointoffense in the Criminal Code. Nor can they suffice reference to the balanced rationale in sentencing after equalizing conviction of offenders without special status and status offenders in foreign judicial practice, let alone the ignorance of relevant rational traditional specifications passed down from Tang Dynasty. The present article, from a whatshouldbe perspective, argues that just as corruption offense does not fall into the category of pure status crime, nor do nonstatus offenders into the category of status offenders, and that nonstatus, impure status, and mixed status offenders should be convicted and sentenced separately except for express provision.
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    SUN Shao-Hua
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 74-85.  
    Abstract1540)            Save
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    The Characteristics, Status and Influence of PreTang Fu De Poetry
    ZHANG Meng-Hua
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 86-96.  
    Abstract1787)            Save
    Fu De poem is a category of poetry newly coming into being during Yongming Period in Nan Dynasty as a result of literati' s impromptu chanting songs on different subjects. The title formats of PreTang Fu De poem include 'Fu…De…Poem', '…Fu De…Poem', 'Fu De…Poem', all meaning'a Fu De poem on…' The subjects of PreTang Fu De poetry are mainly chanting things, rymes, Yue Fu, and parting feelings. The meters of PreTang Fu De poem are typically Wu Yan Si Yun, Qi Yan, and Za Yan, with Wu Yan Si Yun as the majority. As for their rhymes, most have a Ping tonal rhyme, while Ze tonal rhyme and rhyme shifts are rare. Poem composition with shared rhyme and rhyming in the title also appeared during that time. The works of PreTang Fu De poetry promoted the establishments of the three representative poem groups of Nan Chao Yong Ming style, court style, and Chen Hou Zhu style, all of which exerted farreaching influence on the pursuit of initiative new changes of Nan Tang Poetry. They also contributed to the great progress of poetry after Qi and Liang dynasties by making it a feature for QiLiang poetry to be short in verse style, accurate and elegant in meaning, highly refined in prosody, beautiful and gorgeous in language, and etc.
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    On the Metaphorical Tradition in Chinese Classical Poetics
    JIANG Yu-Qin
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 97-107.  
    Abstract1817)            Save
    Chinese classical poetics is a theoretical interpretation tradition different from its Western counterpart, the formation of which is in close relation to the cognitive way of ancient Chinese poetic critics: They don't look at things as a unilateral linear relationship, but a multiplelateral, or rather, onetotwo, onetothree, or even onetoinfinite relationship. Therefore, the construction of Chinese classical poetics has little in common with the direct and hardeyed logical deduction technique of western poetics. On the contrary, it seeks development from the flexible metaphorical discourse system, to shape a theory lineage and idea communication tradition which will exactly express the "meaning", but not in bondage to the former.
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     Significance of the Ancient Chinese Essay to Literary Narration
    LI Han
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 108-118.  
    Abstract1461)            Save
    As a literary genre, the essay is a concept that came into being in modern times. It has, however, a long history with the first climax in the Wei, Jin, the Northern and Southern dynasties, and reached its heyday in the Ming dynasty through the development of Tang and Song dynasties. In terms of the style of writing, the essay puts emphasis on conciseness and tasteful appeal to feelings as a result of the influence of historic works and Chinese metaphysics, both of which focus on conciseness and perspicuity. Its theory stems from Zhuangzi′s ideology which advocates artistic life and individual ease. This artistic life attitude endows the essay with an aesthetic and entertaining function. The twofold origins literally transformed verbal expressions into aesthetic symbols, and aesthetically featured the essay narration with an artistic conception. Thus, the essay is differentiated from fiction narration characterized by conflicts in plot and character development. It has played an important role in the establishment and development of the essay in the ancient Chinese essay' s transformation from applied narration to literary narration. The present paper is a historical and critical review of this genre' s in Wei, Jin, and Ming dynasties, aiming at the abovementioned conclusions.
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    HE Beng-??, CHEN Rui-Yang-2
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 119-130.  
    Abstract2981)            Save
    The localized Chinese environmental protection movement can be viewed as the most popular campaign in China, not only responding to the green politics and the social trend of ecological movement abroad but also pushed and developed by the middleclass elites and environmentalists at home under the background of transformational development in a deteriorated environment. NGOs have played a decisive organizational part in resource mobilization and organization in a series of recent environmentalist campaigns in China, exemplified by the FightAgainstDam Campaign in Nujiang and JinshaJiang River Public Environmental Welfare Rights Movement. The appearance of such campaigns reveals that ecoenvironment has become a vital factor for the Chinese social progress. In the current context, the Chinese environmentalprotection movement is able to seek opportunities for interaction and partnership relationship with the government, thus obtaining its legitimacy and international resources. However, it still is in need of social, political, economic, and cultural support and lags behind in comparison with developed countries in many aspects. This is particularly true under a thinking mode characterized by 'control' and 'regulation', as such campaigns inevitably confront resistance from the inertial of the traditional development mode, obstruction from 'the privileged social class', limitations of immature citizens, and dilemma of discourse discrepancy as well. Notwithstanding, movements alike still serve as essential bidirectional democratic power in balancing institutionalized control from the government and uninstitutionalized influence from civil, no matter it is topdown or bottomup.
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    WellbeingOriented: The Content Construction for Community Education
    QIN Na
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (1): 131-.  
    Abstract4002)            Save
    Community education shoulders the mission of providing education service to meet the needs of community members, so it's closely related to people's livelihood. In the process of social transformation under the background of reform and opening up, the problem of people' s livelihood has been foregrounded, and naturally, the outstanding wellbeing issue has become a challenge for community education. The present article argues that the content construction of community education should be done with a view of people's livelihood, with measures to enlarge mass participation, nurture community education teams, and expand volunteer organizations. The content construction is supposed to enhance community awareness and sense of belonging, and to promote community development in the hope of building a learning society stepbystep.
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    The Drafting of the Future International Climate Regime:
    From the Copenhagen Accord to the Cancún Accords
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 1-13.  
    Abstract1211)            Save
    Global climate change has aroused extensive concern in the international community, given rise to different international organizations and catalyzed various international climate change regimes. These regimes play a pivotal and decisive role in relieving the threat of international climate change: a structuring role and the revitalizing role of a driving force, which makes different positions progress in negotiation processes and allows the set up of an international consensus and the promotion of more ambitious climate policies such as the Copenhagen Accord and the Cancún Accords. While the Copenhagen Accord involves commitment to drastically reduce GHG emissions so as to hold temperature increase below or at the 2°C threshold, the Cancún Accords concretize this goal and calls for a new 1.5°C threshold. The post2012 international climate regime must respect the equity principle, the common but differentiated responsibilities principle (CBDR principle) and bring together the whole of major GHG emitters including the United States and major developing emitters. Essentially speaking, the Measurement, Reporting, and Verification system (MRV system) in the Cancún Accords is replacing observance and is thus a quite different regime than the existing.
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    On Crises and Choices Chinese Films Face in the 21st Century
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 15-31.  
    Abstract2226)            Save
    Chinese modern films in the 21st century have marched on among many choices while becoming more and more capable in adaptation and selfadjustment. As the main support of Chinese modern films, film politics, culture and commerce now face vital crises and new options. When film biographies are to glorify heroes and models, arts are making unprincipled compromise to politics; when consumption culture flourishes, films are carrying on multiple responsibilities to exploit the market, lead the trend, express emotions, etc. It is by no means proper for films, however, to simply act as the weather vane of business, entertainment and fashion or to be a selfrighteous ropewalker among commercialism, currentism and authorism. Chinese movie blockbusters, inspired by Hollywood "highconcept" movies, are abundant in categories, strong in audiovisual impact, rich in imagination, vivid in description, distinctive in imageportray, delicate in production and sufficient in expressiveness. Given all these features, it is necessary to develop Chinese movie blockbusters to win the fierce competition in international markets, to promote the prosperous development of Chinese movies and to end the war against other mass media such as TV series, videos and internet in a victory.
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    From Urban to Rural: the Politics of Space in Current Taiwan Films
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 32-39.  
    Abstract1402)            Save
    Slogging through all the bleakness and agony, the Taiwan film finally regains a new life and has becomes a highlight of recent Chinese films. Taking the urban crisis as the breakthrough point, the current Taiwan film reflects on the island layout and space planning which are associated with native Taiwanese consciousness. With the economic development of tourism, the "sense of place" in the movies has been strengthened as never before and obtained a unique position during the "replanning" of globalized economy. Such development of economy has gradually exerted political influence and aroused variation in local political forces. Limited by the island's political reality, however, the Taiwan film has never truly served as "a small medium" to express "political dissent".
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    A Study of the Differences Between Legislations on Fossil Energy and Renewable Energy
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 40-52.  
    Abstract1535)            Save
    There are many problems as well as large space to improve in the law logos and laying out of legislations on fossil energy and renewable energy. To avoid the "synchronicity predicament" the two closelyrelated legislation areas that may encounter in the course of development,it is necessary to analyze the article attributes of fossil energy and renewable energy respectively and therefore, to find out the differences between legislations on them. Since fossil energy is with distinct private article attribute, its legislation should be conducted with the real right system as the logical starting point and focus on the connection and complement of real right and executive power. As to renewable energy which is of public article attribute, its legislation should be carried out with executive power as the basic endogenous variable and dominant factor.
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    Suggestions for Legislative in Term of Subsidies on Trade in Services under the Framework of WTO
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 53-62.  
    Abstract1522)            Save
    In light of the fact that subsidies on trade in services are extensive and may have distortive influences on service trade, it is essential to develop and perfect multilateral disciplines on them. Discussions on service subsidies in the WTO mainly cover exchange of information required by Article XV, proposals made by members in multilateral negotiation and information contained in the Trade Policy Reviews (TPRS). Since there is no standard definition of service subsidy under present law, WTO members have different views on what to be shared and the information exchange turns out to be a failure. On the other hand, the TPRSbased data on subsidies are somewhat biased and limited. As to negotiation on subsidies of trade in services, no great headway has yet been made and the members remain contentious on some key issues, especially what are "subsidies on trade in services" and "subsidies on trade distortion". It is suggested that new disciplines be established on the timehonored rules of subsidies on goods trade with some adjustments in view of the differences between service and goods. In more detail, the definition and categorization of subsidy in Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM agreement) can be adopted while the distinctions between legal export subsidies and actual export subsidies are eliminated. The affected WTO members may have recourse to the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, the rules and procedures for which can be directly borrowed from SCM agreement. But from both a policy and technical viewpoint, the consideration of countervailing mechanism might appear undesirable. As it is essential for developing countries to grant export subsidies to promote service trade, the prohibition of export subsidies shall not be applied to developing countries for a certain period and never to the least developed countries. In addition, it is proposed that subsidies to mitigate the digital divide and reduce dependency on service export be free from the jurisdiction of the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM).
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    Evangelism and Fundamentalism in American Politics:
    With a Comparative Reference to Islamic Fundamentalism
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 63-77.  
    Abstract1922)            Save
    As a major traditional religion of the United States, evangelism mainly developed in the nineteenth century. In early 20th century, the radical fundamentalism gradually separated from evangelism with the conflict between fundamentalism and modernism. Meanwhile, new evangelism, as a branch of new tradition, opened a new stage of contemporary evangelism. Since the 1970s, new Christian rightwing has become the main embodiment of evangelist tradition in recent times, with the Moral Majority and Christian Coalition as the two most influential organizations. Evangelism is widely involved in American political issues like homosexuality, abortion, and school prayer. It even directly intervenes in American presidential election and its foreign policy. The coalition between evangelism and Republican Party, in particular, presents a feature of theocracy. However, compared with Islamic fundamentalism, evangelism has transformed from extreme fundamentalism to broader religious conservatives, whose political behavior is more participation than violence. The reasons are mainly twofold: American religious individualism tradition is one, but the fundamental difference between the United States and the Islamic world is the most important.
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    The Practical Understanding of Practice: Bourdieu's Theory of Practice
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 87-98.  
    Abstract2293)            Save
    Pierre Bourdieu' s social theory is often named as a Theory of Practice. However, no clarification has ever been made of the role of practice in Bourdieu. This paper traces the representative works which have established Bourdieu and draws the conclusion: Different from the analytically instrumental concepts of habitus, field and capital, practice is both ontological and epistemological in the idea of Bourdieu. Ontological practice, presented as space and time, automaticity, purposiveness, urgency, and etc., is related to the agents' social being. Epistemological practice refers to an epistemological reflection different from the traditional understanding of practice. This reflection mainly employs body knowledge, historical sense and symbol alchemy, and it naturally presents the ontology practice without losing its richness. By restoring the original color of Bourdieu's theory of practice, one will see his effort to overcome the subjectobject and structureaction binary oppositions. Besides, the realistic social significance and historical development of the corresponding disciplines' theory also get the highlight.
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    One Method to Further Study Chinese Literature in JapaneseOccupied Areas
    ——Synchronic Colonial Institutional Differences in East Asia/Diachronic Observation Through Changes of Times
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 99-109.  
    Abstract1450)            Save
    Literature in Japaneseoccupied areas is an important part of Chinese literature in the first half of the 20th century, which sprouted and bloomed in the colonial context of East Asia. When the national order was restored through nearly 20 years' effort, the literature in Japaneseoccupied areas, which had been ignored for half a century, began to attract attention from new Chinese literary study. However, it is a pity that related researches were too sketchy to offer a synchronic description. To probe into Chinese literature in Japaneseoccupied areas and objectively investigate the literature in the Republic of China, the region partition and stagnant development caused by Japan's aggression against China must be considered and further study should be carried out in views of synchronic colonial institutional differences and diachronic changes of times.
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    On the Relationship Between Literary Men' s Lives in Qing Dynasty as Private Tutors and GrassRoots Writing
    ——Taking Pu Songling as the Study Case
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 110-120.  
    Abstract1203)            Save
    Renowned as a litterature, Pu Songling worked as a private tutor throughout his life. He took such a job both to support himself and to spare time for the Imperial Examinations at the provincial level, but he failed at each trial and ended up as a private tutor at the bottom of the scholar stratum. Beginning his grassroots writing mainly because of the failure in the Imperial Examinations, Pu Songling actually reflected in his works the subsistent states of private tutors in Qing Dynasty who were hopelessly mediocre, unemploymentthreatened and povertystricken. It is in this sense that to study the features of Pu Songling' s grassroots writing may reveal the relationship between the occupations of bottom literary men in traditional Chinese society and their literary travail.
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    On Modifications of Hattori Nankaku' s Poems in Dongying Poems
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 121-127.  
    Abstract1127)            Save
    Although Yu Yue's alernations of orinial poems do not effect the high quality of Dongying Poem, it is not a good example for us to follow if documents are to be saved. It is by no means proper for a compiler to change originals without any notes.
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    Social Differentiation and Divergent Value Identity in TV Audiences
    ——An Empirical Study Based on the Shanghai Survey
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (2): 128-140.  
    Abstract1968)            Save
    To some extent TV plays an important role in the construction of social value identity. Based on the survey of Shanghai citizens in 2009, this article finds differences among diverse occupational and status groups in watching habits, the utilization and appreciation of TV as well as the assessment and trust of TV programs. All these differences lead to the divergence among TV audiences in social values including the identification of society, the consciousness of selfinterest and the sense of public morality. To rebuild social value identity in the new era, it is therefore necessary to give full scope to TV programs continuously.
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    On China' s Urban Employees'  Basic Endowment Insurance Fund
    ——The Nature, Causes and Solutions for the imbalance of revenue and expenditure of the fund in half of Chinese provinces
    ZHENG Bing-Wen, SUN Yong-Yong
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 1-16.  
    Abstract1103)            Save

    An anomaly in China' s Urban Employees'  Basic Endowment Insurance System lies in the fact that in half of China' s provinces, enterprises would be experiencing revenue expenditure imbalance when financial subsidy is deducted from the basic endowment insurance fund despite ever greater payment power due to rapid fund increase. The great difference among provinces in financial situation can be explained in terms of historical liabilities, system maintenance rate, economic development level, and spatial distribution of labor mobility. Overall planning of the fund at the national level would be the ultimate solution for this asymmetry in half of China' s provinces. It would help to cover current payment shortfall in 14 provinces because the shortfall can be "internalized" by the rapid increase and unprecedentedly strong payment power of the fund itself. However, overall planning at the national level might entail moral hazard and adverse choice, thus incurring major financial risks for the endowment insurance system. That is why planning at the county or city level remains the standard practice while provinciallevel planning is implemented only in four to five provinces. Based on this understanding, the imbalance in half of China's provinces can only be redressed with financial transfer payment, which would result in steady increase of the insurance fund on the one hand, and low investment return for the financial capital on the other, due to the outmoded investment system and low rate of return. Therefore, it is urgent to reform the investment system of the endowment insurance fund.

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    Redefining Cinema: The Embodied Experience and Phenomenology of Film
    SUN Chao-Yi
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 17-30.  
    Abstract1179)            Save

    Based on a critical reading and evaluation of the development of contemporary phenomenological film theory that to a large extent redefines the nature of cinema, film narrative, cinematic experience, and the relationship between moving images and the audience, this article aims to highlight the intimate and immediate relationship between the concepts of embodiment, tactility, bodily sensorium and digital moving images. The author contends that, after the waning of Grand Theory in film studies at the turn of the new century, phenomenology of film not only provides us a fresh and worthexploring approach to a redefinition of cinema, thus affords us the opportunity to have a more nuanced and sophisticated understanding of cinema as a 19th century "old medium," but also breaks the theoretical impasse after Grand Theory in film studies has been challenged from many directions. This line of thinking about cinema could be further extended to our critical analysis and understanding of digital "new media" environment, even of contemporary social and cultural transformation, where humanimage interfacing is ubiquitous, and our everyday life is increasingly defined by our interactions with a variety of digital screens.

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    A Literature Review on Cantonese Film Studies in Hong Kong
    CHEN Xi-He, TAN Jie
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 31-46.  
    Abstract1205)            Save

    As an important component of HongKong films, Cantonese films, which thrived in the 1950s and 1960s, have received much criticalattention from scholars interested in films produced in this region. The paper is to reviewCantonese film studies in Hong Kong to shed light on its course of development, reserarchmethodologies, results and major critical trends.

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    History of Chinese Cinema: Its Conception and Related Issues
    ——A Historical Perspective of Film Studies
    JI Wei
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 47-55.  
    Abstract1514)            Save

    Published in 1963, coedited and coauthored by Cheng Jihua, Li Shaobai and Xin Zuwen, with Cheng Jihua as the editor in chief, History of Chinese Cinema offers a valuable paradigm for the study of the history of Chinese cinema. The article locates the work in the context of Chinese film studies, and by adopting a historical perspective, seeks to examine how it is conceived, takes shape and is finally brought into publication. It also aims to clarify certain related issues. Narratives and recollections from the parties concerned are included for additional information and insights.

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    The Formation of Embedding and Its Function in Narration
    ——A Case study of the Narratives of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties
    XU Jian-Ping
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 56-64.  
    Abstract1049)            Save

     sequence is formed when the actant' s intention is actualized. Based on the roles the actors play in the narration, the sequences can be divided into major intention sequence and secondary intention sequence. Embedding refers to the insertion of the intention sequence of secondary roles into the intention sequence of major roles. Embedding occurs when either the major intention sequence or the narrator' s intention is absent or when both are both absent. As the actant of the embedded sequence might be the helper or the opponent of the actant of major sequence, the intention of the former either accords with or differs from that of the latter. Hence, the direction of the narrative is unpredictable. Embedding employed in ancient Chinese narratives has its own national features, which are conditioned by the imagistic mode of thinking in ancient China.

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    Implication of Ma Yifu' s Poetics for Contemporary Chinese Poetics Studies
    GAO Ying-Gang
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 65-72.  
    Abstract1299)            Save

    A representative of the early NeoConfucianism, Ma Yifu' s poetics has, on the one hand, inherited from the Chinese tradition and, on the other hand, drawn on the realistic influence of modern Western scholarship. His poetics, which depends on but surpasses tradition, has absorbed the essence of both eastern and western poetics. As a result, it has profound implications for contemporary Chinese poetics studies on such realistic problems as the discipline conception, research methodology, and its research morphology.

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    Research on the Zha Family's Poetesses of Haining in Qing Dynasty
    ——Data from the Rare Manuscript Collected Poems of the Zha Family in Haichang
    JIN Wen-Kai
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 73-83.  
    Abstract1070)            Save

    The Zha Family of Haining city, Zhejiang province in Qing Dynasty is a wellknown literary family, whose female members are also active and successful in poetry writing. Their poetic themes are not restricted to traditional women matters but cover the wider areas of nature and society, achieve new advancement in the depth and broadness of emotional expression, as well as show the awakening of feminine self consciousness and their concern about masses' sufferings. Their writing styles are delicate and graceful, frequently attached with vigorous tonevariations. Like the male poets in the family who are represented by Zha Shenxing, their poems are characteristic with succinct description and expressive depiction of dynamic scenes. The poems of the Zha Family's Poetesses are rich of cultural significance and academic value in the sense that they supply abundant materials and important manuscripts for studies on the creative features, social functions and cultural roles of female poetry writing in Qing Dynasty.

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    On Poe’s Racial Views
    CHENG Qing-Hua
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 84-95.  
    Abstract1095)            Save

    Sympathetic to the plight of black slaves, Edgar Allan Poe voices his strong criticism of slavery and racism through the skillful use of metaphors and symbols in his narratives. However, as a Southern writer deeply influenced by the southern conservatism, Poe shuns a radical stance on racial issues that might offend the white readers and also get him embroiled in the political turmoil of the age; he embraces instead a racial equalitarianism that would be acceptable to both the black and white communities. Hence, the author envisions in his works an ideal world of racial equality and perfect harmony.

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    Consumerist Values in Shanghai in the 1930s
    ——Based on the Reviews published in Shen Bao Newspaper
    XIN Ping, FENG Xiao
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 96-103.  
    Abstract1514)            Save

    The 1930s is a decade of both economic boom and social unrest for Shanghai. Responsive to the disturbing changes, Shen Bao, known in English as Shanghai News, published many commentaries and reviews on an emergent consumerist style that emphasized extravagant spending. As the consuming pattern was more typical with the middle and upper classes, such discussions had little impact on this trend. However, they manifested a new sensitivity to the changing manners and mores. Many of these discussions suggested practicing thrift while promoting production as a way to cope with the crises. But as the enterprises were eager to seek immediate profits, thus contributing to the "abnormal prosperity", the government, despite its strong efforts to advocate thrift, was unable to change the prevailing values and to discourage an irrational economic boom in Shanghai.

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    On the Dynamic Relations among the Sticky price Monetary Policy, the Stock Price and the Macro Economy
    WANG Guo-Song
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 104-115.  
    Abstract985)            Save

    Under the condition of price stickiness, both the money quantity model including financial asset exchange and the interest rate transmission channel in the monetary policy demonstrate the mechanism that the stock price moves prior to the economic growth and inflation. The cointegration test based on the national monthly statistics shows that during 1999 and 2010, there existed a longterm Cointegrated Relation between China's inflation and economic growth, the stock price and the monetary policy. The SVARmodel variance decomposition shows that China' s inflation fluctuation is mainly caused by the impact of stock price and the impact of broad money (m2). The inflation shock explains about 20% of the actual economic growth, but the contribution rate of money supply shock on the stock price fluctuation is higher. In order to improve the proactivity and effectiveness of the monetary policy and to maintain the prices and economic growth at a stable level, close attention should be paid to the stock price fluctuation and quick responses should be made in accordance when making the monetary policy.

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    Theorizing on Urban Safety and Risk Control System: with Insights from Shanghai Expo
    RONG Zhi
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 116-128.  
    Abstract1033)            Save

    To manage urban risks which are often complex and likely to go out of control, it is highly necessary to establish integrated and highlyeffective risk control system and public security management system so that emergency response and postaccident management would give way to the proactive public risk management system. The concentration of materials in modern superlarge city and its vulnerability add to the difficulty of public safety management. The public safety management system of "integrating seven parties into one" practiced during the course of Shanghai Expo focused on risk prevention, and has been proved very effective. The successful experience of Shanghai Expo helps to better understand the features and developmental tendency of public safety management in superlarge cities and also provides research insights for optimizing urban risk control system and upgrading public safety management system.

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    On Puns
    ZHAO Yi, HUA Yong
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (3): 129-140.  
    Abstract1930)            Save

    As one of the most frequently used rhetorical devices, puns have long been studied extensively. However, earlier discussions have disproportionally focused on the definition and categorization of puns, leaving much room for further exploration, particularly in terms of rhetorical functions and mechanisms of pun generation. Studies in this direction may benefit from traditional Chinese literary theories, philosophy and aesthetics, as well as modern linguistics. The "Humor" and "Euphemism" in the ancient literary theory and the "Economy Principle" in modern linguistics have both shed light on the function of puns. Regarding pun generation, the concepts of "gentleness and sincerity" and "sublime words with deep meaning" derived from the Confucian thought of "the golden mean" provide philosophical and aesthetic foundation whereas numerous homophonic and multisemic expressions serve as the linguistic foundation.

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    The Current International Situation and Public Diplomacy
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (4): 1-11.  
    Abstract1131)            Save

    With the fast rise of China and rapid changes in the world, China' s concern on international issues now enjoys an unprecedented escalation and is characterized by the coexistence of various viewpoints. The unipolar world has been withering and a multipolar global pattern, which is mainly composed of economic entities, is budding. The capitalist system, represented by that of the United States , has exposed in American Financial Crisis, as well as in resultant social problems, its inherent drawbacks and inability to promote the development of modern capitalist nations. Meanwhile, although China has distinguished itself with remarkable economic growth, selfreflection should be conducted in an objective way. Much attention should be paid to the turmoil in Arabian nations, such as Syria and Libya , and deep introspection should also be made on it. The current world sees more diversified models and methods of development than ever before, which features the present international situation along with the AsiaPacific and South China Sea issues. The United States , however, will not build an adversarial relationship with China in consideration of its own economic interest or other factors. More importantly, Southeast Asian countries are not assumed to form an antiChina league with the United States , because they are clear that their bright future is only possible when Asia flourishes as a whole. In this sense, the United States and the Southeast Asian countries are only taking advantage of each other to restraint China' s advancement and prosperity.

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    Mainstreaming in Chinese Films and Massification of Mainstream Films:Culture, Aesthetics and Limit
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (4): 12-21.  
    Abstract1706)            Save

    "mainstream movie" is a term rich in connotation and an ideal film form with Chinese characteristics of being pragmatic and balanced while open and flexible. It has experienced a complicated process to sprout, grow and bloom with common understanding. It is a fruit born from a variety of ideologies which seek for cooperation in the multicultural context. In the present Chinese film market, commercial films, theme films and art films all present a "mainstreaming" trend in their own fields from different aspects, which can be described as: the commercialization of theme films, the mainstreaming in commercial films and the commercialization of art films. Despite various forms, these changes actually share the same essence of "massification". Mainstream films, which result from the coexistence and integration of various cultures, show the conflict and interfusion between the dominant culture and the commercial culture. They also reflect the diachronic and synchronic interaction, amalgamation, competition and transformation among the traditional culture, youth culture, Hong Kong culture and foreign cultures. The mainstreaming or massification of these cultural resources builds the multicultural pattern of mainstream movies while demonstrating features of "mainstream" art, aesthetics and culture.

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    Intervention War in Film and Ideology
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (4): 22-30.  
    Abstract1905)            Save

    As a new war form after the Cold War, the Intervention War is armed intervention in affairs of other countries in the name of humanitarianism and antiterrorism. Interventionwar films differ from other war films in that, instead of describing largescale military confrontations or a completevictory ending, they tend to shape the sadness and helplessness of heroes as well as the distortion and degeneration of human nature among soldiers. Although such films no longer describe the international conflict as that between the two opposing camps during the Cold War, yet they distinctively demonstrate the ideology of western culture.)

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    Microfilms: Changes, Chances and Challenges
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (4): 31-38.  
    Abstract2085)            Save

    The microfilm is a new movie form that sprouted as grass-root network videos, grew into conventional films released on the Internet, and now blooms as for-profit prfessional films jointly created by traditional entertainment companies, communication platforms of new media, and sponsors. It is an attempt to achieve a multi-win-win situation through resource integration and will bring far-reaching infuence on, even a new stage of industry convergence to , Chinese film industry.

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    The Translation of Canadian Literature in English in China (1949—2009)
    ——And Socio-Cultural Aspects of Literary Translation
    Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition)    2012, 29 (4): 39-50.  
    Abstract1046)            Save

    Being an integral part of Chinese scholarship on Canadian literature in English, the translation of Canadian literature in English was scarce before the Reform and Openingup, got under way in 1980s, grew in full swing in 1990s and thrived in the 21st century. The translation of Canadian literature in English in China exhibits the sociocultural aspects of literary translation. Extratextual factors like sociocultural psychology, literary paradigm and readers'  aesthetic orientation at different times have different requirements for literary translation, thus resulting in translation literature with a variety of patterns and functions.

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