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上海大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 35-55.

• 影视理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

虚构类影片、非虚构类影片与假定性论断的电影：对概念的分析

  

  1. 纽约城市大学哲学系, 美国纽约
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-10 出版日期:2015-03-15 发布日期:2015-03-15
  • 作者简介: 诺埃尔·卡罗尔(1947)，男，美国人。纽约城市大学哲学系杰出教授，美国当代电影理论家，前北美美学协会会长。专业领域是艺术哲学（包括文学、美术、电影、戏剧和舞蹈在内），同时还对历史哲学、伦理学、情感哲学、社会学、政治学有深入的研究，对电影理论研究、剧本写作等也做出了突出的贡献。

Fiction, Nonfiction and the Film of Presumptive Assertion: Analysis of Concepts

  1. Department of Philosophy, The City University of New York, New York, USA
  • Received:2014-08-10 Online:2015-03-15 Published:2015-03-15

摘要：  纪录片的真实性是学界长期以来一直探讨但并未解决的问题。对虚构类影片、非虚构类影片与假定性论断的影片等概念的界定，可以帮助我们找到关于纪录片真实性的界定范围和方法。我们不能仅凭文本的外部特征诸如风格、媒介形态等来界定呈现和表现，即便我们可以区分呈现和表现，这一对概念也不能用来区分虚构和非虚构影片。只有观众意识到作者的意图从而进行假定性想象才有可能界定虚构的影片，反之也可以界定非虚构影片。因此，纪录片是一种假定性论断的电影，制作人意图和消息来源索引成为假定性论断的重要依据。

关键词: 虚构类影片, 非虚构类影片, 假定性论断的电影, 纪录片

Abstract:  The paper aims at analyzing the authenticity of documentary which has long been discussed but remained controversial. By defining fiction, nonfiction and film of presumptive assertion, the paper summarizes the range and methods of defining the authenticity of documentary. Concepts of presentation and representation are distinguished in the first place. They cannot be discerned by external features of texts such as style or media form. Even though presentation and representation can be discerned, they cannot be used to differentiate fiction and nonfiction. Just as the concept of documentary proposed by John Grieson, there is presentation in nonfiction and representation in fiction. The paper holds that only when the audience recognize the producer′s intension and make presumptive imagination, can fiction film be defined, and nonfiction can be defined vice verse. In view of this, documentary is film of presumptive assertions, producer′s intension and message resource index being an important basis of presumptive assertion.

Key words: fiction film, nonfiction film, Film of presumptive assertion, documentary

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