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上海大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 58-72.

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从“那喀索斯”到“塔纳托斯”：人工智能的电影神话及其现实投影

  

  1. 复旦大学 中国语言文学系
  • 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 作者简介:
    周厚翼，复旦大学中国语言文学系博士研究生。研究方向：电影理论、技术哲学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金艺术学项目（24BC066）；教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目（23YJA760105）

From“Narcissus”to“Thanatos”: The Cinematic Myths of Artificial Intelligence and Their Real-World Projections

  1. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Fudan University
  • Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-22

摘要：

“那喀索斯”神话的镜像母题（自我-他者）与“塔纳托斯”神话的决斗母题（生-死）揭示了屏幕内外人-机关系的权力动态。随着生成式 AI 的飞速发展，AI 逐步从屏幕内作为“想象性他者”的AI形象外延至屏幕外作为“替代性他者”的AI算法，屏幕内外的双重“镜像阈限”被打破，并行不悖的“镜中世界”和“现实世界”开始融合。在现实中，人类也在进行着一场事实发生的神话创世行为，并且将自身纳入了这一“在-世界-之中”的本体论游戏。作为被造物的“人工智能”逃出了屏幕框定的“伊甸园”，一个超现代性的“园艺神话”以“替代劳动”的方式温和显现。“园艺神话”和“决斗神话”方式虽异，但都以其现实的紧迫性，迫使我们直面“塔纳托斯”的决斗母题。

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Abstract:

The mirror motif of the“Narcissus”myth (self-other) and the duel motif of the“Thanatos”myth (life-death) together reveal the power dynamics underpinning human-machine relations both on and off screen. With the rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI), the AI figure has progressively extended from an“imaginative Other”within the screen to an“alternative Other”in the form of algorithms outside it. This collapse of the dual“mirror thresholds”has led to the merging of the formerly parallel“mirror-world”and“real world.”In today’s reality, we also enact a mythic creation of fact—thereby drawing ourselves into this

ontological game of being-in-the-world. As the created“Artificial Intelligence”escapes the screen’s Edenic enclosure, an ultra-modern“Myth of Garden”softly emerges through the logic of“substituted labor.”Though

differing in form, both the myth of garden and the myth of duel, by virtue of their urgent real-world relevance, compel us to confront the duel-motif of Thanatos head-on.

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