上海大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 96-110.

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数字分身的形成、风险与信任——一项基于自我追踪技术的考察

  

  1. 华中师范大学 新闻传播学院
  • 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 作者简介:
    陈科,华中师范大学新闻传播学院副教授,博士。研究方向:媒介社会学、媒介伦理与法规等。
  • 基金资助:

    华中师范大学优秀种子和代表性成果培育项目(CCNU24ZZ202);

    华中师范大学数智赋能教育教学创新专项教学教改项目(2025)

The Formation, Risks, and Trust of Digital Avatars—An Exploration Based on Self-Tracking Technology

  1. School of Journalism and Communication, Central China Normal University
  • Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-22

摘要:

自我追踪技术正在重塑个体的身份认知、信任模式与行为决策机制,由此提出“数字分身”与“数字信任”概念,揭示个体在“数据—技术—社会”交互中逐步形成以数据为核心的自我认知结构。研究发现,数字分身的建构经历从数据外化到自我数据化、再到行为适配的过程,使个体逐步接受“数据即自我”的认知模式。同时,用户信任从数据真实性的验证,转
向技术反馈的依赖与算法权威的接受,形成对系统性判断的让渡。这一信任逻辑虽优化了健康管理与行为调节,却易引发认知削弱、社交压力与隐私焦虑等风险。尤其在人工智能(AI)辅助决策系统的广泛嵌入后,“信任技术—让渡认知”趋势更为明显。应从数据透明性、反馈机制与隐私控制三个维度回应这一挑战,重构更具可解释性与用户主权的数字信任体系。

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Abstract:

Self-tracking technologies are reshaping individuals’identity perception, trust patterns, and behavioral decision-making mechanisms,thus putting forward the concepts of digital avatar and digital trust to elucidate how individuals, through the interplay of data, technology, and society, progressively construct a datacentric self-identity. The findings show that the digital avatar proceeds through a trajectory encompassing data externalization, self-datafication, and subsequent behavioral adaptation, ultimately leading individuals to adopt a“data-as-self”cognitive schema. Meanwhile, user trust evolves from verifying data veracity to relying on technological feedback and, ultimately, accepting algorithmic authority, thereby resulting in a relinquishment of judgment to systemic processes. While this trust paradigm optimizes health management and behavioral regulation, it also engenders risks such as cognitive offloading, social pressure, and privacy anxieties. With the growing integration of AI-assisted decision systems, the tendency to“trust technology and offload cognition” becomes increasingly prominent. To address these challenges, the study proposes reconstructing a more explainable and user-sovereign digital trust framework by enhancing data transparency, optimizing feedback mechanisms, and strengthening privacy controls.

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