上海大学学报(社会科学版)

• 文艺理论研究 •    下一篇

检察人员司法责任制体系的构建及其与检察权属性之间的关系

  

  1. 华东政法大学司法学研究院
  • 出版日期:2017-09-15 发布日期:2017-09-15

onstruction of Procurators’ Judicial Accountability System and Its #br# Relationship with the Attributes of Procuratorial Power

  • Online:2017-09-15 Published:2017-09-15

摘要:

 检察权既有司法权的属性,同时也有行政权的属性。以前者言之,检察权的行使要符合司法规律,即独立行使;以后者言之,检察权要符合行政规律,即上命下从。这就涉及司法责任制的落实问题。显然,当检察官行使的是带有司法权特性的检察权的时候,他才需要承担司法责任;当他行使的是带有行政权特性的检察权的时候,则无需承担责任或者只承担部分责任,向其发布指令者应当承担全部或者主要责任。中国检察权实质上是一种带有行政色彩的司法权,只不过这一行政色彩在过去被不适当地强化了。因此,今日的检察改革应当注重去行政化,逐步淡化检察权的行政色彩。检察官独立与法官独立存在着一定的区别,检察官独立是在检察一体化的大框架下的独立,因此只能是一种相对的独立。这一认识是构建科学合理的检察人员司法责任制体系的前提。

关键词: 司法责任制, 去行政化, 检察权

Abstract:

 Procuratorial power has dual attributes of judicial power and administrative power, which means the exercise of procuratorial power should conform to judicial regularities on the one hand, which are independent in nature, and administrative regularities on the other hand, which are influenced by administrative orders. The dual attributes also have a direct bearing on the judicial accountability system. That is to say, only when the prosecutor exercises the procuratorial power with judicial traits, will he have to take judicial accountability. If the prosecutor exercises the procuratorial power with administrative traits, he will take no or part of accountability while the superior who has issued the order should assume all or major accountability. China's procuratorial power is essentially sort of judicial power with administrative characteristics which have been improperly strengthened in the past. Therefore, today's procuratorial reform should focus on “deadministration” by gradually weakening the administrative attribute of procuratorial power. There are some certain differences between a prosecutor's and a judge's independence in that the former’s independence is relative due to the restriction from the framework of procuratorial integration. A full understanding of this serves as a premise of constructing a scientific and reasonable judicial accountability system for procuratorial personnel.

Key words: judical accountability system, deadministration, procuratorial power