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上海大学学报(社会科学版)

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《熊》的创作流变与福克纳的生态伦理

  

  1. 上海大学 外国语学院， 2.上海市静安区教育学院 培训部
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-02 出版日期:2014-03-15 发布日期:2014-03-15
  • 作者简介: 朱振武(1963)，男，山东充州人。上海大学外国语学院教授、博士、博士生导师，内蒙古民族大学客座教授，上海大学英美文学研究中心主任，主要从事英语文学与文化及文学翻译方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家社科基金后期资助项目 （11FWW008）

On the Composition of The Bear and Faulkner’s Ecological Ethics

  • Received:2013-06-02 Online:2014-03-15 Published:2014-03-15

摘要： 福克纳的许多作品都是对其早期发表的短篇小说进行二次修改而成的，这是福克纳创作生涯中值得关注的一个现象。在其短篇小说《熊》的基础上，福克纳经大量修改和扩充完成了中篇小说《熊》的创作，从而实现了作品主题思想的巨大升华与超越。从《熊》的两个版本的对比中，我们洞见到了福克纳的创作动机，考察到了作者在字斟句酌、反复推敲的背后更深层的思想嬗变。较之同名短篇小说，中篇小说《熊》不仅赋予荒野与文明以善恶对立的道德内涵，还试图据此为美国南方种族制度的痼疾和生态危机寻觅出路，表现了作家对人类苦难的同情与生态伦理的深刻思考。

关键词:  , 福克纳, 《熊》, 文本对比, 创作流变, 生态伦理

Abstract:  Noticeably, William Faulkner has reworked many of his earlier published short stories, developing them into longer and more complex pieces, a phenomenon that deserves critical attention. Based on a short story of the same title, the novelette The Bear extensively revises and expands the original and thus achieves much greater thematic significance and depth of meanings. A comparison of the two versions not only sheds light on Faulkner’s creation motives but also reveals how his thoughts change and develop as is evident in the numerous textual differences. In the novelette, Faulkner sees wilderness and civilization in terms of binary opposition, defining one as morally good and the other as negative, and based on this binary pair, he explores possible remedies for racial and ecological crisis in the American South. The novelette fully expresses the author’s profound humanistic concerns and deep reflections on ecological ethics.
Key words：

Key words:  Faulkner, The Bear, textual comparison, composition, ecological ethics