试论爱伦·坡的种族观

上海大学学报(社会科学版)

试论爱伦·坡的种族观

程庆华

上海师范大学人文与传播学院

收稿日期:2011-11-02 出版日期:2012-05-15 发布日期:2012-05-15
通讯作者: 程庆华（1979-），男，江西赣州人。上海师范大学人文与传播学院比较文学与世界文学2009级博士研究生，主要从事英美文学研究。
作者简介:程庆华（1979-），男，江西赣州人。上海师范大学人文与传播学院比较文学与世界文学2009级博士研究生，主要从事英美文学研究。

On Poe’s Racial Views

CHENG Qing-Hua

Received:2011-11-02 Online:2012-05-15 Published:2012-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

出于对国家未来的焦虑，爱伦·坡把当时美国社会尖锐的种族问题巧妙融入小说叙事中。他用隐喻、象征等多种艺术手法，对残酷的奴隶制和种族压迫进行了无情的批判和鞭挞，对黑奴的悲惨遭遇表达了深切的同情和怜悯。然而，坡深受南方传统文化的熏陶，其思想上的保守因子导致种族立场的局限性和不彻底性。为了避免过分触及种族问题而陷入政治漩涡，他在小说中采取一种调和策略，即一种既不触怒白人读者、又能为大多数黑人所接受的“平均种族主义”。坡竭力在小说中构建一个没有种族歧视、种族迫害的理想世界，表达了对黑人、白人等多种族和谐共存的美好憧憬。

关键词: 爱伦·坡, 种族和种族主义, 黑人形象, 平均种族主义, 和谐共存

Abstract:

Sympathetic to the plight of black slaves, Edgar Allan Poe voices his strong criticism of slavery and racism through the skillful use of metaphors and symbols in his narratives. However, as a Southern writer deeply influenced by the southern conservatism, Poe shuns a radical stance on racial issues that might offend the white readers and also get him embroiled in the political turmoil of the age; he embraces instead a racial equalitarianism that would be acceptable to both the black and white communities. Hence, the author envisions in his works an ideal world of racial equality and perfect harmony.

Key words: Edgar Allan Poe, race and racism, the image of Afro Americans, racial equalitarianism; harmony

中图分类号:

I054

程庆华. 试论爱伦·坡的种族观[J]. 上海大学学报(社会科学版).

CHENG Qing-Hua. On Poe’s Racial Views[J]. Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition).

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