上海大学学报(社会科学版)

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中国零售市场:进入中等收入国家后的特点、机遇与选择

  

  • 收稿日期:2011-02-21 出版日期:2011-05-15 发布日期:2011-05-15
  • 基金资助:

    上海市教委重点学科(51205)

China' s Retail Markets: the Feature, Opportunity and Choice after
Entering into the Rank of MiddleIncome Countries

  • Received:2011-02-21 Online:2011-05-15 Published:2011-05-15

摘要:

2006年,中国从一个低收入国家迈入中等收入国家,这种转变给零售市场带来了巨大的变化。“十二五”规划确立的“民富”原则将进一步提升这些变化的速度。把握变化的市场元素,有针对性地调整和重新制定新的经营战略与目标,是零售企业保持其在产业链终端地位话语权的不二选择。在对比2006年和2009年的零售业相关统计数据的基础上,可以得出如下结论:进入中等收入国家以来,中国零售业在销售额、就业人数、毛利率等方面均有较大的增长,但是与发达国家相比,这些指标仍然过低。造成这一结果的因素很多,其中地区发展及收入结构的不均衡是制约我国零售市场购买力的一个非常重要的因素。该研究从理念的成熟、购买力的支付多样化、经营业态的完善、连锁经营成为零售业扩张的主要手段、购买行为的理性程度提高等五个方面论证了当今中国零售市场逐步迈入理性和成熟时代的基本特征和相应的结论。因此,未来几年,中国零售市场的发展应该从以往的“圈地”、“圈人”的增长方式向“合作协调”、“专业差异”的发展方式转变,并以此来调整和制定企业的发展战略和经营目标。

关键词: 中国零售市场, 连锁经营, 产业链

Abstract:

 In 2006, China completed the transformation from a lowincome nation to a middleincome nation, which brought about a great change in its retail markets. The "rich people" principle established by the "national twelfth fiveyear plan" will go further to promote the speed of this change. For China' s retail markets in keeping a speech privilege of terminal position in industrychain, it is the only choice to master mutative market elements and regulate purposefully new business strategies. This essay makes a comparative analysis of the relevant statistical data, and draws a conclusion. After entering into the rank of middleincome countries, China' s retail trade has a greater growth in such aspects as sales, employment and grossprofits. But, compared with the developed countries, this growingup looks too low. There are multiple reasons for this lowness, one of which is the imbalance of regional development and income structure. This essay, from such five aspects as mature logos, diversified purchase payment, perfect business attitudes, the main development means, and the rational purchase degree, gives an analysis of the changes of China' s retail market gradually entering into the era of logos and maturity. The author thinks that, in the near future, it is significant for China' s retail market to transform its growing method from the former "enclosure" to the coming "harmony" so as to regulate and establish the enterprise' s development strategies and business targets.
   

Key words: Chinese retail market, chain operation, industry chain