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Table of Content

    15 July 2024, Volume 41 Issue 4
    The Market-Based Pricing Mechanism for Data Assets: Limitations and Legalization
    DENG Ganghong, LIU Le
    2024, 41(4):  1-13. 
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    The pricing mechanism and legalization of data assets are fundamental systems necessary for constructing the digital economy. Market-based pricing of data assets is considered the mainstream academic view and the prevalent practice in data asset transactions. However, this approach does not conform to the pricing mechanism established by the Price Law of the People's Republic of China, nor does it facilitate the regulation of data asset transactions. The limitations arise partly because market-based pricing of data assets conflicts with the defined rights attributes of data assets. Other reasons include an insufficient understanding of the uniqueness of data assets and a lack of legal foundation for the pricing of production factors. China should develop a pricing mechanism for data assets that primarily relies on market pricing with supplementary
    government intervention, and ensure its legalization. It is necessary to unveil the logic of the data asset pricing mechanism in the following three aspects: the relationship between marketization and legalization, the logical basis for government intervention, and the catalog list management system. Based on this logic, we propose specific systems for data asset pricing, thus standardizing the methods of government intervention in data asset pricing.
    Network Account Trading:Regulatory Logic and Institutional Approaches
    SHANG Xixue
    2024, 41(4):  14-33. 
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    For Internet user accounts with strong property rights attributes, entering the market for trading and circulation is essential given their robust market demand and potential value for market development. Based on an examination of current market transaction disorders and judicial practice challenges, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of the market transactions of network accounts in terms of necessity and feasibility, normative status quo, judicial dispute, and implementation mechanism. It summarizes the institutional approaches to regulatory improvement and the construction path to judicial mechanisms in response to the institutional appeals from the main body on the standardization of network account market transactions. Hence, the rule of law will provide a better legal guarantee for the moderate marketization of network accounts, thereby aiding in the advancement of the marketization of data elements.

    A Data Rights Theory and Regulatory Framework Oriented towards Data Element Circulation
    BAO Kun
    2024, 41(4):  34-54. 
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    It is imperative to construct a theoretical foundation and regulatory framework for data rights that meets the developmental requirements of the data factor market. According to domestic and international literature, the knowledge graph of data rights reveals a trend of integration between data governance technologies and rights regulations. The essence of the“relational theory”of data rights is more suited to the incentivizing and cooperative traits of the data element market. Given that relational rights are inherently self- generative and the content of rights is necessarily held within the factual relationships of the subjects involved, it is essential to consider the actual state of control over data, avoid the“law of the jungle”where controllers always gain benefits, and open up part of the rights content to the market through a decentralized allocation entity system model. This approach aims to achieve the“anchoring effect”of facilitating data element circulation through institutional regulation. Still more importantly, a systematic procedural framework is needed to reserve space for the self-recognized rights content of the market and address issues of“residual control  rights”that entity allocation systems may not reach. Among other things, it is essential to form a self-recognition rights mechanism for the data element market through procedural elements such as the negotiation of rights subjects, reference to data elements, realization of data rights value, impact of data rights risks, and the soft law norms of technical standards, so as to foster a sound regulatory ecosystem for the circulation of data elements.

    Between the Scene and the Silver Screen: Early Romanian Cinema and the Rediscovery of the‘Lost’Woman Film Pioneer
    Ana Grgić(author), FENG Pengpeng, LYU Rui(translator)
    2024, 41(4):  55-70. 
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    Although some significant contributions to early filmmaking production and exhibition involve strong entrepreneurial female figures, very few women’s names appear in the histories of Balkan cinemas. Based on original archival research and press of the time, this article foregrounds the filmmaking activities of the Romanian theatre director and actress Marioara Voiculescu (1885–1976) and the role of her star persona and theatrical experience in the making of early fiction films produced by Leon M. Popescu’s Filmul de Artă company. Voiculescu achieved considerable success during her lifetime, a prolific stage career, founding her own theatre company in 1912, and playing a key role in the production of early films in 1913, yet she has received scant attention in film scholarship thus far. By shifting the focus to Voiculescu’s contribution to early cinema in Romania, I reflect more broadly on the spaces and roles that women occupied in popular culture within the ongoing process of modernisation of Romanian society.

    Romanian Cinema in the 1960s:  Socialist Modernity vs. Cinematic Modernism
    Radu Toderici(author), SONG Yumeng(translator)
    2024, 41(4):  71-78. 
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    One of the most important traits of Romanian fiction films released during the 1960s is their emphasis on leisure and moderate consumption, their enthusiasm for industrialization and urbanization, their reflection of a socialist society which gives its citizens the opportunity to have a decent standard of living — in brief, an emphasis on the many facets of socialist modernity. The 1960s are, indeed, for socialist Romania a period characterized by prosperity and a relative openness towards Western influences. One such influence is that of Western modern cinema. This paper reflects upon the clash of values inherent in Romanian modern cinema of the 1960s; infused by anxieties prevalent in the other, Western modernization project, as they were reflected in Western cinema, Romanian modern films present an ambiguous and self-critical version of socialist modernity, which in some cases was harshly sanctioned by Romanian film officials and state apparatchiks.

    Spillover Effects of Green Bond Issuance from the Perspective of Credit Spreads
    NI Zhongxin, WU Xianglong, WU Jingfei
    2024, 41(4):  79-99. 
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    Green financial policies are of great significance in achieving green and low-carbon transformation of the economy, and in leveraging the macro and micro regulatory functions of the financial market. Based on the circulation price data of companies’credit bonds in 2015-2019, this paper has used the staggered DID method to study whether the first issuance of corporate green bonds in respective industry has effects on the credit spreads of bonds issued by peer firms in the secondary market. The research results indicate: the credit spreads of peer firms’bonds in the secondary market decrease after these first issuances of corporate green bonds, which strongly prove the positive industry spillover effect. Further, we find that higher institutional holding ratios of the bond, higher capital intensity of the firm, stricter regional environmental regulations, and higher economic policy uncertainty reinforce the reduction of the peer bonds’credit spreads. Through the impact mechanism test, it is found that these first issuances of corporate green bonds affect the credit spreads of peer firms’bonds by promoting the reduction of peer firm’s debt financing cost. At the same time, we find that these first issuances of corporate green bonds lead their peer firms to issue green bonds, but the following green bonds issued by peer firms didn’t obviously affect the credit spreads of their issuers’bonds. Finally, this paper had used the event study method to calculate abnormal returns of bonds to measure the market responses to the first issuances of corporate green bonds. The result of this further research is that peer firms’bonds can gain cumulative abnormal return in the 15-day event window period. This paper examines the positive spillover effect from each first issuance of corporate green bonds in their industries to their peer bonds’ credit spreads from the perspective of the secondary market. The conclusion of this paper has reference significance for promoting the development of the real economy, optimizing the allocation of financial resources

    and promoting the high-quality development of the bond market.

    Clarifying the Misunderstood Law of the Value in Modern Cultural Commodities: A Marxist Economics Analysis
    YANG Yi, HE Haohao
    2024, 41(4):  100-114. 
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    The law of value in modern cultural commodities is not only a primary issue to be considered by scholars of cultural economy, but also a thorny issue that has long been misunderstood. Given the popular views that the amount of value of cultural commodities is determined by the individual labor time, and that the price is not determined by the amount of value, the value and price of cultural commodities are shrouded in the mist of agnosticism. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to take the principles of Marxist economics as a logical starting point and follow the materialistic rationale of“production method-value content-price mechanism”to clarify and reinterpret this issue. Specifically, firstly, when examining the  relationship between the value of cultural commodities and labor, concrete labor should be completely transformed into abstract labor, complex labor into simple labor, and individual labor into social labor. Secondly, the cultural blueprint should be regarded as intellectual objects similar to land, so as to examine the process of production of cultural commodities. Thirdly, the calculation of the value of cultural commodities should be based on the socially necessary labor time for the production of a specific use value at the time of exchange, and the value of physical goods should be calculated based on the time required to produce a specific use value. Thirdly, the calculation of the amount of value of cultural goods should be based on the socially necessary labor time for the production of a specific use value at the time of exchange, and the principle of value formation differs between physical goods and service goods. Fourthly, under the conditions of a developed market economy, the law of value can be expanded into a constraint that determines the rate of profit and the amount of labor for a particular type of cultural good and for the cultural production sector as a whole.

    Conceptual Constraints and Market Breakthroughs in the Operation of Public Cultural Venues
    Cong Xiaoyu
    2024, 41(4):  115-123. 
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    In the process of operating public cultural venues in China, although national policies do not exclude the involvement of market elements, the lack of supporting economic systems and effective incentive measures has led to widespread skepticism in society about the rationality of market elements in public cultural services. This has, to a large extent, constrained the enthusiasm of public cultural venues to provide innovative services. Through theoretical analysis of similar phenomena domestically and internationally, as well as comparative studies of typical cases, it can be found that these dilemmas have arisen from the confinement of outdated concepts and traditional practices. Consequently, to solve these issues and improve the system, it is essential to leverage the advantages of the system of socialism with Chinese characterisics and achieve breakthroughs through conceptual updates and practical innovations.

    Franco Moretti’s Literary Cartography and “Distant Reading”
    LU Yang
    2024, 41(4):  124-134. 
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    Franco Moretti has advocated“distant reading”to promote his concept of“world literature”in recent years. In Atlas of the European Novel:1800-1900, he proposes moving towards a form of literary geography, more precisely, literary cartography. Moretti argues that maps can reveal the hidden connections between geography and literature, allowing readers to see in literature what was previously unseen. His mission to conduct micro-quantitative analysis of literature through maps is obviously influenced by Peirce and Braudel. His typical examples of distant reading include reading Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice through Charles Booth’s map of London, and reading Balzac’s Lost Illusions through Robert Parker’s map of Paris. In Distant Reading, Moretti suggests that distant reading allows readers to focus on units much smaller or larger than the text, such as methods, subjects, rhetorical techniques, or genres and systems. Different from the tradition of“close reading”in Anglo-American literary criticism, distant reading uses quantitative analysis to interpret the interaction of categorical factors and various formal elements within massive text corpora, thereby constructing a kind of“digital humanities.”To a large extent, it can also be seen as a legacy of poststructuralism’s proclamation of the disappearance of the subject.