Abstract:

The public sphere, which is a middle zone managed by both country and society, will not enhance the harmonious development of society without the positive interaction between public power and social actors. At present, China is going through rapid social transformation. With the political situation and historical background of the Communist Party in power and many parties in cooperation, as well as the influence of the traditional culture, the maturity of social actors, who are a complicated and passive part of society, is of great significance to the construction of China' s public sphere. In a pluralistic society, social actors are interest groups that mainly include elite, middleclass and vulnerable ones. These social actors cause many problems in the public sphere such as the following: when the "Pareto Optimality" of benefit is not realized, their selfish instinct distorts the "public" feature of the public sphere and makes possible "freerider" participation; when confusion and deviation appear in their political personality during the transition period, their participation in the public sphere becomes disordered, ineffective and politically indifferent; when trapped in the traditional binary interpretation of "home" and "country" as well as the belief in "subject culture" and authoritative character, they tend to sacrifice public consciousness and initiative for the worship and pursuit of authority. Based on these, to help the social actors become more mature, a comprehensive system should be constructed to serve the development of citizen morality, the improvement of modern political personality and the cultivation of citizen culture. This external system, along with the internal culture, will provide independent, rational and active participation subjects, i.e. "citizens" in a real sense, for the building of China' s public sphere. And the public power, whose core is the ruling party, will be the key factor in deciding whether the construction of China' s public sphere is successful or not.

Key words: public spheres, social actors, political personality, political culture