Journal of Shanghai University (Social Science Edition) ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 40-54.
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Abstract: InthecourseofwritingFangZhenzhuandrespondingtocriticalopinionstothework,LaoShe begantoembraceanewtheoryofliterarycreationinthelaterphaseofhiscareer.DragonBeardDitch(Longxu Gou)hasbeensubjecttotheinfluencepoliticalleaders,includingeventhetoplevelones,fromthemomentof itscompositiontothetimewhenitreceivedwidespreadacclaims.Tomeetpoliticaldemands,LaoSheventured tohandleunfamiliarsubjectmatters.DragonBeardDitchwascreatedobviouslyinamodedifferentfromFang Zhenzhuandthereforemarksthewriter'stransitionintothelaterphaseofhiswritingcareer.Thesuccessof DragonBeardDitchinthenewmodehelpstoshapeLaoShe's"taskdriven"theoryofliterarycreation,which canbesummarizedasfollows:thethemeisdeterminedfirst;thesubjectmatterdetermineshowtowrite;exem plarycharactersshouldbepraisedandglorified.HisrevisionofSpringBlossomandAutumnFruit(Chunhua Qiushi)demonstratesthetypicalmodeofdramaproductioninthe1950sand1960s:thescriptishighlypoliti cal,strictlycontrolledbyrulesandregulations,andcomposedbythethreecombinationmethod,andthescript hastoberepeatedlyrevisedinaccordancewiththechangesofpolicy.Thismodeofdramaproduction,inLao She'stimes,waswidelyemployedattheprovinciallevelandalsoincitiesandtowns.However,LaoShe'slater dramaswouldinevitablysufferfromsuchatheoryofcreation.HisworksafterDragonBeardDitchgenerally failedtoreachthestandardofhisearlierachievement.Thedepressedwriterwasthenbroughtbackbychance tohisfamiliargroundandproducedTeahouse(ChaGuan),hisowntourdeforceandalsoamasterpieceinthe historyofChinesedrama.ButthequalityofhisworksdeclinedagainafterTeahouse.In1961,LaoShestopped totreatrealistsubjectmatterandthe"taskdriven"theorythatheonceembracedturnedouttobeadisappoint ingfailure.LaoShe'slatercreationexemplifieshowdramaswereproducedinthathistoricalperiod,andhow the"taskdriven"theoryofcreationemergedandthenfadedoutofhistory.Ontheotherhand,italsoshows howmuchanartisthadtosacrificeandhowdifficultitwastoproduceamasterpieceintimeswhenpolitics dominatedallspheresofsociety.
Key words: LaoShe, taskdriven, laterdramacreation
CLC Number:
I206
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https://www.jsus.shu.edu.cn/EN/Y2013/V30/I6/40