Abstract:

 By "literature is something", we mean a systematical explanation of literature, and this concept, circumscribed by times and regions, only comes after "something is literature". But, for "something is literature", the implied meaning is: among so many discourse modes as language tools, which one can be called literature, that is, demanding a pure inherent judgment. Literature as linguistic phenomena also possesses the basic function of intercourse and communication. And according to this function, the inherent general principles of literature can be established: (1) for something only being understood, use metaphor in such a way that deep impression is given up; (2) for something difficult to express, although describing in detail, do not waste lines; (3) for something unable to say out, be sure to depict in an understated way, stopping where it should stop; (4) for something disdained to portray, be modified by elegance, with limited exaggeration. Literature is utilitarian, according to which, the inherent categorical system of literature can be established. And the conceptual intermediary within literary category is the inner basis of logic literary evolution. Literature itself is a "conscious" discourse. So the argument of "the Wei and Jin dynasties are of the age of literary consciousness" lacks a theoretical support.

Key words: general principle of literature, categorical system of literature, logic evolution of literature, discourse motivation of literature, moral literature, sentimental literature, sexual literature, literary consciousness