Abstract: All the scholars of past dynasties acknowledge the momentum of Mengzi’s prose, which derives mainly from his inner spirit of personality. This personality, in essence, is a divided one, characteristic of tragedy. And there are two main reasons why he has the duality of tragedy in his cultural personality. One is the intellectual defect in his theory about monarch; the other the great difference between his self-position and the actual position of politics and culture. But, fundamentally speaking, not only Mengzi, but also other scholars and writers in the history of Chinese literature, have such split and difference in their inner personality. And this spirit of personality unavoidably reflects on their creation. In a sense, the group feature of Chinese intellectuals in their personality and cultural characters decides the general quality and main feature of the Chinese literary view and creation.

Key words: cultural personality, the duality of tragedy, literary quality, Mengzi