Abstract: To implement the concept of“people’s city”and to build a community of social governance in which“everyone fulfills his/her due obligations while enjoying deserved rights”, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the rights and obligations of community residents. Based on the Community governance in Shanghai，from the perspective of“law-standard theory”, the ideal relationship should be that“the fulfillment of residents’obligations promotes the realization of their rights, and the exercise of their rights promotes their awareness to fulfill their obligations, thus striking a relative balance between rights and obligations”. However, there is a big gap between the reality and the ideal, because the rights and obligations are unbalanced. In the future, how to promote both the autonomy of urban community residents and their subjectivity and responsibility in the context of increased power control is the fundamental key to addressing the imbalance of residents’rights and obligations.

Key words: community governance, residents’rights, residents’obligations, resident autonomy